Reactivity Series of Metals & Displacement Reactions

• What is the focus of today's video?

  The reactivity series of metals
• How do metals react with acids?

  They form a salt and hydrogen gas
• What do metals have in common regarding their electron arrangement?

  They have outer shell electrons to lose
• What does the reactivity of a metal indicate?

  How easily it forms positive ions
• Which group of metals is the most reactive?

  Group 1 metals
• Why are carbon and hydrogen included in the reactivity series?

  As references to compare the metals
• How do we determine the reactivity of metals?

  By reacting them with acid or water
• What happens when potassium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  It forms potassium chloride and hydrogen
• How does the reactivity change down the series?

  Reactions become less violent down the series
• What is observed when magnesium reacts with acid?

  It produces lots of bubbles as it disappears
• What do zinc and iron produce when reacting with acid?

  Fewer bubbles than magnesium
• What do copper and iron typically do in reactions with acids?

  Copper usually won't react at all
• How can we measure the reactivity of metals?

  By measuring temperature changes during reactions
• What must be ensured for a fair test when comparing metals?

  Same mass and surface area of samples
• What do metals form when reacting with water?

  Metal hydroxides and hydrogen gas
• Which metals do not react with water?

  Zinc, iron, and copper
• What happens when magnesium reacts with iron sulfate?

  Magnesium displaces iron to form magnesium sulfate
• What occurs when copper is added to iron sulfate?

  Nothing happens because copper is less reactive
• What is the reactivity series of metals?

  • A list of metals arranged by reactivity
  • Most reactive: Group 1 metals
  • Less reactive: Group 2 metals
  • Least reactive: Transition metals
  • Includes carbon and hydrogen for comparison
• What are the steps to determine the reactivity of metals?

  1. React metals with acid or water
  2. Observe reaction speed and violence
  3. Measure temperature changes
  4. Ensure fair testing conditions
• What are the outcomes of displacement reactions?

  • More reactive metals displace less reactive ones
  • Example: Magnesium displaces iron in iron sulfate
  • Example: Copper does not displace iron in iron sulfate