Health

• How many deaths were reported due to asthma in 2019?

  455,000 deaths
• How many people were affected by asthma in 2019?

  162 million people
• What was the death rate per 100,000 population due to asthma in 2019?

  10 deaths per 100,000 population
• In which gender is asthma more common?

  It is 2x more common in boys than girls
• What percentage of people experience asthma at some point in their lives?

  15%
• In which age group do most cases of asthma occur?

  Children aged between 5-11 years
• How many deaths occurred in younger children due to asthma?

  471,000 deaths
• How does mortality from asthma differ between HIC countries and others?

  Mortality is high in HIC countries
• What is the link between asthma and COVID-19?

  Increased risk, worsened symptoms, and higher chance of hospitalization
• What are some common symptoms of asthma?

  Coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, rapid pulse, anxiety
• What are some triggers for asthma?

  Pollen, dust mites, animal dander, exercise, cold air, respiratory infections, pollution, smoke, stress, certain drugs
• What organizations focus on providing resources for asthma management?

  GINA, GUARD, WHO, and others
• What is the goal of these organizations regarding asthma?

  To provide accessible resources and improve understanding
• How many malaria cases were reported in 2021?

  247 million cases
• Which continent accounts for half of the malaria cases?

  Africa
• What are some symptoms of malaria?

  Fever, chills, sweating, headache, nausea, vomiting
• HALE


  the average number of years that the individual lives in full health
• DALY

  disability adjusted life year = years of life lost due to early death + years of life lost due to disability
• incidence 


  the rate or time at which people become ill
• Epidemiology


  study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why
• Epidemiological transition model

  stage 1 - famine and pestilence

  stage 2 - receding pandemics and less deaths

  stage 3 - less deaths and degenerative diseases

  stage 4 - fighting degenerate diseases but medical advancements to delay them

  A) Communicable disease

  B) non communicable disease

  C) mortality rate

  D) LICs

  E) HICs

  F) Double burden of disease