Stolypin economy

• When was Stolypin named Prime Minister?

  July 1906
• When was the emancipation of the Serfs?

  1861
• How many years of redemption payments did freed serfs have to pay?

  49 years
• How much had subdivided land reduced to by 1905?

  From 35 acres in 1861 to 25 acres in 1905
• When was the Ministry of Agriculture created?

  1891
• What were the countryside communities in Russia called?

  The Mir
• What power did the Mir have?

  They were empowered to banish members to exile
• When were redemption payments cut?

  They were halved in 1906 and then abolished in 1907
• How many consolidated farms were set up?

  1.2 million peasant households set up consolidated farms
• When was the Land bank relaunched?

  In the 1890s
• What percentage of peasants left the commune?

  20% by 1914
• How many reapers did Russia have by 1911?


  European Russia had 66,000 and West Siberia had 36,000
• How many peasants emigrated?

  3.5 million
• What percentage of peasants returned to the communes?


  20%
• How much did agricultural production rise?

  45.9 million tonnes in 1906 to 61.7 million in 1913
• How much did agricultural production increase?

  60% by 1907-1911
• How much did agricultural production increase overall in this period?

  Increased about 2% a year from 1881-1913
• How many landlords were there in Russia?

  30,000
• How much land did landlords own in Russia?

  76 million hectares of agricultural land
• How much did government tax revenues increase by?

  Doubled after 1907
• What was Russia able to export?

  Largest cereal exporter by 1914
• What type of farming still dominated Russia?

  Strip farming still dominated by 1914
• Why was Russian agriculture so backwards?

  They used wooden ploughs and medieval crop rotation with low levels of livestock
• How was production compared to other countries?

  British farmers with the same land produced 4x the yield
• Who had set up the land bank?

  Bunge
• What did Stolypin's revived land bank allow for?

  Meant peasants were able to purchase land in order to consolidate their existing property
• How was land sold?

  It was sold at a price consistent with value and buying power of the farmer
• How many peasants left the Mir to farm independantly?

  Almost 3 million by 1913
• How many peasants were landless by 1914?


  Between 1/3 and 1/2
• How many peasant holdings were based on scattered strips and primative methods?

  90% by 1914
• What happened to Stolypin's land bank?

  It only operated for 9 years, and was downgraded and not fully integrated by 1914 upon his death
• What is an example of a agricultural province in Russia?

  The Voronezh province
• How many peasants were landed vs landless in Voronezh?

  37% of land was controlled by landless peasants with only 4% controlled by prosperous peasants
• What was the name for rich, landed peasantry?

  Kulaks
• How did Stoylpin encourage peasants to move?

  Subsided railway tickets, cheap land and low interest loans from the land bank
• What percentage of the population migrated?

  2% of the population
• Where did Stolypin encourage migration to?

  The Central Steppes and Eastern Russia
• What could it be argued agricultural growth really shows?

  A growth in population rather than production