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elizabethan england
challenges to rule of queen elizabeth
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Cards (45)
Who was Mary, Queen of Scots' cousin?
Elizabeth I
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Why was Mary, Queen of Scots considered unsuitable as a monarch?
She was
Catholic
and
half-French
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When did Mary become Queen of Scotland?
1542
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What dramatic events marked Mary's life?
Two
husbands
died, and she was
imprisoned
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In what year did Mary flee to England?
1568
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What dilemma did Elizabeth face regarding Mary?
What
to
do
with
Mary
as
a
guest
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Why did many English Catholics support Mary as Elizabeth's successor?
They believed Elizabeth was
illegitimate
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What did Mary promise to restore if she became queen?
The supremacy of the
Catholic Church
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What made Mary a potential threat to England?
Her connections to
France
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What were the potential political consequences of sending Mary back to Scotland or France?
She could gather support against
Elizabeth
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What was one consequence of unlawfully imprisoning Mary?
International
outcry
and
attacks
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What was the risk of executing Mary?
It could provoke
international
attacks
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Where did Elizabeth initially allow Mary to live?
Carlisle Castle
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What challenges did Elizabeth face alongside Mary's threat?
Plots by
Catholics
to
restore
Mary
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When was Mary executed?
8
February
1587
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What did the executioner shout after Mary's execution?
“God save the
Queen”
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Why did Elizabeth hesitate to sign Mary's death warrant?
She feared international
backlash
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What was Elizabeth's reaction when she learned her secretary took the death warrant?
She
was furious
and
imprisoned
him
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What was the reaction of France after Mary's execution?
They wanted to maintain their alliance with
England
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What was Spain's situation at the time of Mary's execution?
They were already at war with
England
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Who was the heir to the English throne after Mary's execution?
King James VI
of Scotland
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How did English Catholics react after Mary's execution?
They remained loyal to
Elizabeth
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What event marked the beginning of war between England and Spain?
The
Spanish Armada
invasion
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What were the religious differences between Spain and England?
Spain was
Catholic
, England was
Protestant
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Who was King Philip of Spain married to before Elizabeth?
Mary I
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What actions did English sailors take against Spanish ships?
They attacked and stole
treasure
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Why was the civil war in France significant for England?
It reduced the threat from
Spain
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What did Elizabeth do to support the Dutch rebels?
She sent an
army
to help them
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When was the Spanish Armada first sighted?
29 July 1588
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What was the Spanish Armada's formation when sailing towards England?
Crescent formation
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What was one reason for the Spanish Armada's failure?
Inexperienced
leadership and tactics
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How many ships did the Spanish Armada have?
130
ships
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What was the English tactic during the Spanish Armada battle?
Attack from a safe
distance
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What was the annual income of the Spanish fleet?
£3 million
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What happened to the Spanish ships after the battle?
Many were wrecked in
storms
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How many men did England lose during the Spanish Armada?
100
men
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What contributed to the Spanish defeat besides bad weather?
Inexperienced leadership
and poor tactics
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What was one of Elizabeth's main problems concerning France?
Bad relationship inherited from
Mary I
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Why was the King of France a concern for Elizabeth?
He supported
Mary, Queen of Scots
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What was the outcome of the civil war in France for Elizabeth?
It
improved
relations
with
France
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