Misleading information

• What is a factor affecting the accuracy of eyewitness testimony?

  Misleading information
• What is misleading information?

  Incorrect information given after the event
• What are leading questions?

  Questions that may lead to a certain answer
• What is post event discussion?

  Discussion among eyewitnesses after an event
• What is eyewitness testimony (EWT)?

  Ability to remember details of events
• How can the accuracy of EWT be affected?

  By misleading information and anxiety
• Who conducted research on leading questions?

  Loftus and Palmer
• What was the procedure in Loftus and Palmer's study?

  Participants watched car accident clips and answered questions
• How many participants were involved in Loftus and Palmer's study?

  45 participants
• What was the leading question asked in Loftus and Palmer's study?

  About how fast were the cars going when they hit each other?
• What verbs were used in Loftus and Palmer's study?

  Hit, contacted, bumped, collided, smashed
• What were the findings regarding estimated speeds in Loftus and Palmer's study?

  Contacted was 31.8 mph, smashed was 40.5 mph
• What does the substitution explanation suggest?

  Leading question changes memory of the event
• Who studied post event discussions?

  Gabbert et al
• What was the procedure in Gabbert et al's study?

  Participants watched videos from different viewpoints
• What percentage of participants recalled aspects they did not see in Gabbert et al's study?

  71%
• What was the control group's recall percentage in Gabbert et al's study?

  0%
• What does the term memory conformity refer to?

  When witnesses recall incorrect details after discussion
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of using eyewitness testimony in the criminal justice system?

  Strengths:

  • Provides crucial evidence in cases
  • Can help identify suspects

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Susceptible to misleading information
  • Accuracy can be affected by stress
• How do the conditions of Loftus and Palmer's experiment compare to real-life events?

  Less stressful than real-life events