Bernstein

• Bernstein identified that the working class and the middle class have different language codes. working class use a restricted code of simple grammar, limited vocab and gestures. Middle class use an elaborate code which involves complex grammar, fuller sentences and more abstract ideas
• working class use a restricted code of simple grammar, limited vocab and gestures
• Middle class use an elaborate code which involves complex grammar, fuller sentences and more abstract ideas
• puts MC students at an advantage at school as teachers, textbooks and the education system tend to use the elaborate code