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Topics Year 9
Genetics and Inheritance
Lesson 2 - How do we inherit our characteristics
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Cards (16)
How much DNA does each human cell contain if stretched end-to-end?
Approximately 2
metres
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What are tightly wound coils of DNA called?
Chromosomes
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How many chromosomes do humans have in each cell?
46 chromosomes
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How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23
pairs
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What is the term for all the genetic material of an organism?
Genome
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When do humans have a unique genome?
Unless they are
identical twins
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What do genes make up?
Chromosomes
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What do chromosomes make up?
Genome
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How many chromosomes are inherited from each parent?
23
chromosomes
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Why do organisms share characteristics from both parents?
Half
chromosomes
from each parent
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What happens during fertilisation?
Nuclei
of
egg
and
sperm
fuse
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How does inheriting DNA from parents create uniqueness?
Produces a new unique combination of
bases
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What happens the more closely related you are?
More likely to have
bases
in common
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What percentage of DNA do humans share on average?
99.9%
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What percentage of DNA do identical twins share?
100%
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What is the relationship between DNA, genes, chromosomes, and genomes?
DNA
makes up
genes
Genes
make up
chromosomes
Chromosomes
make up the genome
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