Lesson 2 - How do we inherit our characteristics

Cards (16)

  • How much DNA does each human cell contain if stretched end-to-end?
    Approximately 2 metres
  • What are tightly wound coils of DNA called?
    Chromosomes
  • How many chromosomes do humans have in each cell?
    46 chromosomes
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
    23 pairs
  • What is the term for all the genetic material of an organism?
    Genome
  • When do humans have a unique genome?
    Unless they are identical twins
  • What do genes make up?
    Chromosomes
  • What do chromosomes make up?
    Genome
  • How many chromosomes are inherited from each parent?
    23 chromosomes
  • Why do organisms share characteristics from both parents?
    Half chromosomes from each parent
  • What happens during fertilisation?
    Nuclei of egg and sperm fuse
  • How does inheriting DNA from parents create uniqueness?
    Produces a new unique combination of bases
  • What happens the more closely related you are?
    More likely to have bases in common
  • What percentage of DNA do humans share on average?
    99.9%
  • What percentage of DNA do identical twins share?
    100%
  • What is the relationship between DNA, genes, chromosomes, and genomes?
    • DNA makes up genes
    • Genes make up chromosomes
    • Chromosomes make up the genome