A01

• What are 3 psychological therapies for schizophrenia?

  1. Cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis

  2. Family therapy

  3. Token economies
• What is cognitive behavioural therapy?

  A combination of cognitive therapy (way of changing maladaptive thoughts and beliefs) and behavioural therapy (way of changing behaviour in response to these thoughts and beliefs)
• What is the main aim of CBTp?

  Helps patients to identify irrational thoughts and challenge them by reality testing
• What framework does CBTp make use of?

  Ellis' ABCDE model
• How does the ABCDE model work?

  - Identify activating events (A) which trigger irrational beliefs (B) and cause emotional and behavioural consequences (C)

  - The beliefs can be disputed (D) and changed leading to an effect (E) which is the restructured belief
• What is normalisation?


  Therapist shares with patient that many people have unusual experiences making them feel less isolated and stigmatised
• What behavioural assignments can be set during CBTp?


  Tasks to improve general level of functioning - shower every day, go out and socialise with friends
• What is family therapy?

  A range of interventions carried out with members of a family of someone with a mental disorder - improves their communication and reduces stress of living as a family
• What is the main aim of family therapy?

  To reduce relapse rates
• What are token economies?

  - A form of therapy where desirable behaviours are encouraged by selective reinforcement

  - Rewards (tokens) are given as secondary reinforcers, which can then be exchanged for primary reinforcers - food or privileges