Staphylococcus epidermis

• What are the characteristics of coagulase negative Staphylococcus?

  • Gram-positive cocci in grape-like clusters
  • Non-hemolytic on blood agar
  • Catalase positive but coagulase negative
  • Do not ferment mannitol
  • Resistant to polymyxin B
• What is Staphylococcus epidermidis known for?

  Normal flora of the skin
• What does Staphylococcus epidermidis produce that helps it adhere to catheters?

  Glacocalyx
• What infections can Staphylococcus epidermidis cause?

  Endocarditis and bacteremia.

  Sepsis in neonates and peritonitis in patients with renal failure-peritoneal dialysis.
• How is Staphylococcus epidermidis treated?

  With vancomycin and rifampin
• Which organism is discussed in this section?

  Staphylococcus epidermidis
• What color does staphylococcus epidermidis stain in a gram stain?

  Purple
• What shape are staphylococci bacteria?

  Circular or cocci-shaped
• How do staphylococci bacteria typically arrange themselves?

  In clusters
• What does the background color in the video represent?

  Gram-positive characteristic
• What does the flower vase symbolize in the image?

  Normal skin flora
• What is the significance of the bison in the image?

  Symbol for novobiosin test
• What does it mean if staphylococcus epidermidis is novobiosin sensitive?

  It is inhibited by novobiosin
• What does a zone of clearing around a novobiosin disk indicate?

  Organism is novobiosin sensitive
• What does the blood on the wall represent?

  Frequent contamination of blood cultures
• What does the presence of the cat indicate in the image?

  Catalase positive organism
• What does the catalase test demonstrate?

  Presence of bubbles indicates catalase positive
• What does the cat urinating symbolize?

  Urease positive organisms
• What does urease break down urea into?

  Carbon dioxide and ammonia
• What happens to the pH of the solution if the organism is urease positive?

  It increases, turning the solution pink
• What does the biofilm on the pipe represent?

  Adherent biofilm produced by staph epidermidis
• What is the function of the biofilm produced by staph epidermidis?

  Barrier to antibiotics and immune system
• What does the stick in the bison symbolize?

  Infection of foreign bodies
• What does staph epidermidis infect?

  Prosthetic devices and IV catheters
• What does the car in the parking lot represent?

  Endocarditis in prosthetic heart valve patients
• What is the significance of vancomycin in relation to staph epidermidis?

  It is effective against staph epidermidis
• What condition is indicated by a fever and cardiac murmur in a patient with a prosthetic valve?

  Prosthetic valve endocarditis
• What does the growth of coagulase negative staphylococci in blood cultures suggest?

  Presence of staphylococcus epidermidis
• Why is staphylococcus epidermidis considered coagulase negative?

  It does not produce coagulase
• What are the key characteristics of staphylococcus epidermidis?

  • Gram-positive
  • Cocci-shaped
  • Forms clusters
  • Part of normal skin flora
  • Novobiosin sensitive
  • Catalase positive
  • Urease positive
  • Produces adherent biofilm
  • Coagulase negative
• What are the clinical implications of staphylococcus epidermidis infections?

  • Frequent contamination of blood cultures
  • Infection of prosthetic devices
  • Endocarditis in patients with prosthetic heart valves
  • Resistance to antibiotics due to biofilm