History civil rights

• What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964?


  A landmark law in the US that **prohibited discrimination** based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination.
• What was the Brown v. Board of Education case?


  A 1954 Supreme Court case that declared **racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional**, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established by *Plessy v. Ferguson* (1896).
• Who was Rosa Parks?


  An African American civil rights activist known for her pivotal role in the **Montgomery Bus Boycott** in 1955. Her refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger sparked a major movement against segregation.
• What was the March on Washington (1963)?


  A massive civil rights rally where **Martin Luther King Jr.** delivered his famous *"I Have a Dream"* speech. It aimed to advocate for civil and economic rights for African Americans.
• What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?


  A law that aimed to overcome **legal barriers** at state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote, as guaranteed by the 15th Amendment.
• Who was Malcolm X?


  A prominent African American civil rights leader who advocated for **black empowerment** and **self-defense**, often contrasting with Martin Luther King Jr.'s nonviolent approach.
• What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?


  A year-long protest (1955-1956) against **racial segregation** on public buses in Montgomery, Alabama. It was sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest and led to the desegregation of buses.
• What was the Little Rock Nine?


  A group of nine African American students who were the first to **integrate Little Rock Central High School** in 1957, facing significant opposition and requiring federal intervention.
• What was the Freedom Rides movement?


  A series of bus trips through the American South in 1961 to protest **segregated bus terminals**. Activists faced violent opposition but succeeded in drawing national attention to civil rights issues.
• What was the Civil Rights Movement?


  A decades-long struggle (1950s-1960s) by African Americans and allies to end **racial segregation and discrimination** in the US and secure equal rights under the law.
• What was the **Civil Rights Act of 1964**?


  A landmark law in the US that **prohibited discrimination** based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination.
• Who was **Rosa Parks**?


  An African American civil rights activist who refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955. Her arrest sparked the **Montgomery Bus Boycott**.
• What was the **March on Washington** (1963)?


  A massive protest in Washington, D.C., where over 250,000 people gathered to demand **civil and economic rights** for African Americans. It was where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech.
• What was the **Montgomery Bus Boycott**?


  A **year-long protest** (1955-1956) in Montgomery, Alabama, where African Americans refused to use public buses to protest **segregation policies**. It led to the Supreme Court ruling that segregation on buses was unconstitutional.
• What was **Brown v. Board of Education** (1954)?


  A landmark Supreme Court case that declared **racial segregation in public schools** unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established by **Plessy v. Ferguson** (1896).
• What was the **Voting Rights Act of 1965**?


  A law that aimed to **eliminate barriers** preventing African Americans from voting, such as literacy tests. It was a major victory for the civil rights movement.
• What was the **Civil Rights Movement**?


  A social and political movement in the US during the 1950s and 1960s that aimed to end **racial segregation and discrimination** against African Americans and secure equal rights under the law.
• What was the **Freedom Rides** (1961)?


  A series of bus trips through the **American South** where activists challenged **segregation in interstate bus terminals**. They faced violent attacks but drew national attention to the issue.
• What was the **Little Rock Nine**?


  A group of **nine African American students** who were the first to integrate Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas in 1957. They faced violent opposition but were protected by federal troops.
• What was America like at the start?

  Loads of people were in America and there were mostly immigrants.
•  What was America referred to in the start?

  It was referred to as the "melting pot" due to the diversity in the country
• When did the american civil War start and end? 


  It started from 1861-1865. Slavery was ended
• What opinion did the North and South have on Slavery during the American civil War?

  The Civil war was a war debating if slavery should be stopped. The South believed in keeping it due to their states being heavily economically reliant on slavery, deeply rooted in slavery and full of plantations. However, the Northern states believed slavery should be stopped and it was ended in 1865 by Northern victory.
• What are examples of the Jim Crow laws

  "Seperate schools shall be mauntained"
• What were the Jim Crow laws?

  The Jim Crow Laws were state laws that made racism legal
• When were the Jim Crow laws made constitutional?

  In 1896
• What did the Jim Crow ruling say? 


  The ruling said"laws which keep the races apart do not mean that one race is better or worse than the other"
• What did the case of Plessy vs the Usa (1892)? 


  The case showed us how segregation was accepeted by the us government.
• What was voting in the South like fir black people?

  Voting was hard because you had to pay tax to vote. However, many black people were too poor to afford this. They also had to prove literate ability which was hard due to their lack of good education. Many tests were also made barely possible to pass making it harder to votem
• What would happen if a black person passed a test to vote in the South ?

  They would be threatened and attacked if they tried to approach a polling station
• What was created after the American Civil War?

  The KKK
• What was the KKK?

  THE KKK were a secret organisation who believed that white anglo-saxon protestants were the main group in America.
• What did the KKK believe?

  They believed black people were inferior. They also discriminated against catholics, jewish people, divorced women and communists. They believed they "threatened the american way of life"
• What were the KKK's tactics supposed to spread?

  They were all about spreading fear and punishing those who went against them.
• What did the KKK's tactics involve?

  They included

  •private secret meetings and sharing of information

  •torturing black people

  •burning crosses on hills

  •assassinations and lynching(hangings)

  •burning churches

  •breaking into black people's homes
• Why were black people drawn to the northern states?

  They were able to vote and had a right to education. They were given jobs and were paid fair wages.
• How many African Americans moved to the North?

  Half a million went to the north
• What happened during the 1930's and 1920's

  There was a growth of black culture like the Harlem Renaissance
• How many Southern black people migrated north by the 1960's

  6 million southern black people migrated north by the 1960's
• What was the north seen as?

  "The promised landland"