Musculoskeletal System

• What is a joint?

  Two or more bones articulate to create movement
• What is a ligament?

  Connective tissue that joins bone to bone
• What is the function of a tendon?

  Attaches skeletal muscle to bone
• What does synovial fluid do?

  Reduces friction between articular cartilage
• What is articular cartilage?

  Smooth cartilage covering ends of bones
• What is the role of the joint capsule?

  Strengthens the joint and secretes synovial fluid
• What is a bursa?

  Flattened sac containing synovial fluid
• What is the function of the meniscus?

  Improves fit between bones and reduces friction
• What does the sagittal plane do?

  Divides the body into left and right
• What does the frontal plane do?

  Divides the body into front and back
• What does the transverse plane do?

  Divides the body into upper and lower parts
• What is a motor neuron?

  A nerve cell conducting impulses to muscles
• What is the muscle origin?

  Attachment point to a stationary bone
• What is the muscle insertion?

  Attachment point to a movable bone
• What is an agonist muscle?

  Muscle responsible for creating movement
• What is an antagonist muscle?

  Muscle that relaxes to coordinate movement
• What is a fixator muscle?

  Stabilizes a body part during movement
• What is antagonistic muscle action?

  A pair of muscles that work oppositely
• What is the all or none law?

  All or no muscle fibers contract based on stimulus
• What is isotonic contraction?

  Muscle changes length under tension
• What is concentric contraction?

  Muscle shortens under tension
• What is eccentric contraction?

  Muscle lengthens under tension
• What is isometric contraction?

  Muscle remains the same length with no movement
• What are type 1 muscle fibers?

  Fibers that produce low force for long periods
• What are type 2a muscle fibers?

  Fibers that produce high force for moderate time
• What are type 2b muscle fibers?

  Fibers that produce very high force for short time
• What is phosphocreatine (PC)?

  High energy compound for muscle contraction
• What is the role of mitochondria in muscles?

  Responsible for aerobic energy production
• What is myoglobin?

  A muscle protein that accepts oxygen
• What are the key components of core stability?

  • Muscles of the abdomen
  • Muscles of the lower back
  • Stabilizes the spine
  • Allows for efficient movement
• What are the functions of the rotator cuff?

  • Stabilizes the shoulder joint
  • Allows for rotational movements
  • Composed of 4 muscles