suggests that we adjust our speech to accommodate to the person we are speaking to, this can result in convergence or divergence
convergence
moving our speech to that of the other person
divergence
moving speech styles further apart
MLE
sociolect of english, spoken by working class young people in london
replacing cockney
combines cockney, jamaican, other carribbean englishes and south asian englishes
researchers from lancaster university show that it is not white kids trying to be like black kids, rather young kids who are exposed to other varieties of english
features of MLE
th sound becomes f
'bare' 'beef'
'dem' as a plural
'man' as a pronoun
idiolect
speech habits particular to a person
migration in language
large scale arrival of carribbean people in the 1940s- new and exciting forms of english heard in urban areas
creole spoken by jamaicans 500 years old- slavery
patois
speech that is not considered standard
code switching
mixing two languages together
peoples of afro- carribbean decent who were bron in britain nearly always use the main local variety of english as their first language
garyives - bradford study
spoke to 8 teenage boys about the way they spoke and the language they used , 95% pakistani ackground
boys used a mix of punjabi and english with eachother
kerswill
dialect levelling, accents and dialects are becoming more and more similar
giles and powsland
psychology lecturer experiment: same lecture delivered two idetntical lectures to two groups one with RP one with Brummie accent, found brummie speaker was regarded as less intelligent and rated less favourable overall
