smoking

• What products are associated with smoking and nicotine use?

  Cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco
• Why do smoking and nicotine products carry a health warning?

  They are harmful to health
• What is nicotine?


  An addictive drug
• Where is nicotine found?


  In tobacco
• What is in cigarette smoke?

  Harmful chemicals
• What are the effects of nicotine?

  Addiction, raised pulse rate, blood pressure, thrombosis
• What is the effect of tar in cigarette smoke?

  Cancer of various organs
• What is the effect of carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke?

  Reduces oxygen in blood, strains heart
• What is the effect of soot particles in cigarette smoke?

  Bronchitis and emphysema
• What are the negative effects of smoking?

  1. Physical: life-threatening diseases, lung cancer, stroke, coronary heart disease, emphysema, bronchitis, pneumonia
  2. Emotional: poor self-concept, worry about health, cost of cigarettes
  3. Intellectual: addiction to nicotine, cravings, irritation, distraction, stress
  4. Social: social exclusion, smell of hair, breath, and clothes
• What is passive smoking?

  Breathing in smoke from other people's cigarettes
• What are the smoking laws in the UK?

  Banned in public indoor spaces, some outdoor spaces, and cars with under 18s
• Why do people smoke?

  1. Feeling unable to quit
  2. To overcome addictions to other drugs or alcohol
  3. To relieve stress and relax
  4. Because friends smoke (peer pressure)
  5. To reward themselves
  6. Fear of putting on weight (nicotine stops people feeling hungry)
• What are other nicotine products?

  Smokeless tobacco, nasal snuff, chewing tobacco, electronic cigarettes
• How is smokeless tobacco absorbed?

  Through membranes of nose and mouth
• What are the effects of smokeless tobacco?

  Oral cancer, gum disease, increased risk of heart disease
• What is alcohol misuse?

  Alcohol misuse is when a person:

  1. Regularly drinks more than the recommended level
  2. Makes decisions and actions that are negatively affected by their alcohol consumption
  3. Becomes dependent on alcohol (they are not in control of their drinking)
  4. Binge drinks (consumes a large amount of alcohol over a short period of time)
• What are the negative effects of alcohol misuse?

  1. Physical: diseases of major organs, cancer, stroke, stomach ulcers, weight gain, infertility/impotence
  2. Emotional: low self-concept, personality change, addiction
  3. Mental wellbeing: depression, anxiety, self-harm, brain damage, impaired brain development of an unborn child
  4. Social: breakdown of relationships, domestic abuse, social exclusion
  5. Economic: job loss, inability to manage money
• What is substance misuse?

  Substance misuse is the use of substances in a way that is harmful to health and wellbeing. Substances include:

  1. Nicotine
  2. Alcohol
  3. Prescription and over-the-counter medicines
  4. Illegal substances such as cannabis and cocaine
• What is the effect of misusing prescription drugs?

  Negative effects on health and wellbeing
• What are prescription drugs?

  Drugs recommended by a doctor or practice nurse
• What are the negative effects of substance misuse on mental health?

  1. Stimulants: paranoia, aggressiveness, schizophrenia, depression, suicidal feelings
  2. Depressants: sleep problems, anxiety, memory loss, depression
  3. Hallucinogens: anxiety, memory loss, depression, panic attacks, flashbacks
• What are the other negative effects of substance misuse?

  1. Physical effects: liver damage, kidney disease, breathing problems
  2. Emotional and social effects: poor self-concept, breakdown of relationships, housing difficulties
  3. Economic effects: money problems, job loss or poor job prospects
• What is the short-term impact of alcohol misuse?

  Aggression, lack of concentration, trips and falls, hangovers
• What is the effect of drinking heavily in pregnancy?

  Foetal alcohol syndrome
• What are the possible effects of substance misuse on emotional and social wellbeing?

  1. Poor self-concept
  2. Breakdown of relationships
  3. Housing difficulties
  4. Money problems
  5. Job loss or poor job prospects