Cell structure and transport

• What is a characteristic of plant cells?

  They have a permanent vacuole
• What is the function of ribosomes?

  Site of protein synthesis
• What is the cytoplasm's role in a cell?

  It is where chemical reactions happen
• What is the function of the flagellum?

  It aids in cell movement
• What is the role of the cell membrane?

  It controls what enters and exits the cell
• What type of cell is a sperm cell?

  It fertilizes the ovum egg
• Why do red blood cells lack a nucleus?

  To carry more oxygen
• What is the function of muscle cells?

  They contract and relax for movement
• What do root hair cells absorb?

  Minerals and water from soil
• What is the role of nerve cells?

  They carry electric impulses around the body
• What does the myelin sheath do for nerve cells?

  It increases the speed of impulses
• What is the function of palisade cells?

  They enable photosynthesis in leaves
• What are the main functions of different specialized cells in the body?

  • Sperm cell: Fertilizes ovum
  • Red blood cell: Transports oxygen
  • Muscle cell: Allows movement
  • Root hair cell: Absorbs minerals and water
  • Nerve cell: Carries electric impulses
  • Palisade cell: Enables photosynthesis
• What type of microscopes uses light to form images?

  Light microscopes
• What is a key advantage of light microscopes?

  They can view living samples
• What is a disadvantage of light microscopes?

  Low magnification
• What do electron microscopes use to form images?

  A beam of electrons
• Why can't living samples be viewed with electron microscopes?

  Samples cannot be living
• What is a disadvantage of electron microscopes?

  They are expensive
• What is a key feature of electron microscopes?

  High magnification
• What can electron microscopes allow you to see?

  Sub-cellular structures like ribosomes
• What is the function of ribosomes?

  Protein synthesis
• What is the function of mitochondria?

  Energy production
• What is the function of chloroplasts?

  Photosynthesis
• What is the role of the cell wall?

  Strengthens the cell
• How do you calculate magnification of an image?

  Image size / actual size
• What is contained in a permanent vacuole?

  Cell sap
• What is the term for a partially permeable membrane?

  Cell membrane
• What are the key terms related to plant cells?

  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
  • Chloroplast
  • Chromosome
  • Cytoplasm
  • Plasmid
  • Root hair cell
  • Stomata
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosome
• What type of cells are eukaryotic?

  Plant and animal cells
• What type of cells are prokaryotic?

  Bacterial cells
• What is the function of stomata in plants?

  Gas exchange
• What is the role of cytoplasm in a cell?

  Site of metabolic processes
• What is the function of chromosomes?

  Carry genetic information
• What is the role of gill filaments in fish?

  Gas exchange
• What is concentration gradient?

  Difference in concentration across space
• What is the function of chlorophyll?

  Absorb light energy
• What is the role of the nucleus?

  Control cell activities
• What is the function of root hair cells?

  Absorb water and nutrients
• What is the function of ribosomes?

  Protein synthesis