Cells

Cards (24)

  • What are cells considered in biology?
    Basic building blocks of life
  • What is the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently?
    Cells
  • How do bacteria reproduce when they divide?
    They produce a whole new organism
  • What distinguishes multicellular organisms from unicellular organisms?
    Multicellular organisms contain many cells
  • How many types of cells does an adult human contain approximately?
    Over 40 trillion cells
  • What are subcellular structures also known as?
    Organelles
  • What surrounds both animal and plant cells?
    Cell membranes
  • What is the function of the cell membrane?
    Controls substances passing in and out
  • What contains the genetic material of the cell?
    Nucleus
  • What is cytoplasm compared to?
    Water filling a water balloon
  • What is the role of mitochondria in cells?
    Provide energy through aerobic respiration
  • What do ribosomes do in a cell?
    Site of protein synthesis
  • What are the similarities and differences between animal and plant cells?
    Similarities:
    • Both have cell membranes
    • Both contain a nucleus
    • Both have cytoplasm
    • Both have mitochondria
    • Both have ribosomes

    Differences:
    • Plant cells have a rigid cell wall
    • Plant cells have a permanent vacuole
    • Plant cells have chloroplasts
  • What is the cell wall made of in plant cells?
    Cellulose
  • What does the permanent vacuole contain?
    Cell sap (sugars, salts, water)
  • What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
    Provides support and structure
  • What is the role of chloroplasts in plant cells?
    Site of photosynthesis
  • What green substance do chloroplasts contain?
    Chlorophyll
  • What do bacteria consist of?
    A single prokaryotic cell
  • What do bacterial cells lack compared to eukaryotic cells?
    Mitochondria and chloroplasts
  • How is bacterial genetic material organized?
    Single circular strand of DNA
  • What are plasmids in bacteria?
    Small rings of DNA with extra genes
  • What is the function of flagella in bacteria?
    Propel the bacteria for movement
  • How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells in terms of structure?
    Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus