Elasticity

• What are the different types of elasticity?

  Elastic and inelastic deformation
• What does the term 'spring constant' refer to?

  It measures stiffness of a spring
• What is Hooke's Law?

  Force is proportional to extension
• What happens when a force is applied to an object?

  It can compress, stretch, or bend
• Why is it harder to notice changes in shape for some objects?

  They are less elastic than springs
• What must be applied to keep an object stationary?

  More than one force must be applied
• What do we call the change in shape of an object?

  Deformation
• What are the two types of deformation?

  Elastic and inelastic deformation
• What is elastic deformation?

  Object returns to original shape after force removal
• What is inelastic deformation?

  Object does not return to original shape
• What is extension in the context of springs?

  Increasing length of a spring when stretched
• What happens to a spring's length when a mass is added?

  Its length increases due to weight
• What does the solid support do when a mass is added to a spring?

  Exerts an equal but opposite force upwards
• What does the spring constant 'k' represent?

  Force needed to stretch spring by one meter
• What are the units for spring constant 'k'?

  Newtons per meter
• What does a higher spring constant indicate?

  Material is stiffer and requires more force
• What does a graph of force against extension show?

  Force and extension are directly proportional
• What is the elastic limit?

  Point where Hooke's Law no longer applies
• What happens after the elastic limit is reached?

  Object may not return to original shape
• What are the key concepts related to force and extension in springs?

  • Force is proportional to extension: $f \propto e$
  • Hooke's Law: $f =$$ke$
  • Spring constant 'k' indicates stiffness
  • Elastic limit defines the limit of proportionality
• What are the differences between elastic and inelastic deformation?

  • Elastic deformation:
  • Returns to original shape
  • Example: Elastic band
  • Inelastic deformation:
  • Does not return to original shape
  • Example: Plastic deformation
• What does a lower spring constant indicate about an object?

  The object is more elastic and easier to stretch
• What does a higher spring constant indicate about an object?

  The object is stiffer and harder to stretch
• What is the second equation related to elastic potential energy?

  Elastic potential energy equals $\frac{1}{2} ke^2$
• What does elastic potential energy represent?

  Energy transferred to an object as it stretches
• If 100 joules of energy is used to stretch a spring, what happens to that energy?

  It is transferred to the spring's potential energy
• How do you calculate the extension of a spring?

  Subtract natural length from stretched length
• What does the gradient of a force versus extension graph represent?

  The spring constant of the spring
• What does the area under the curve in a force versus extension graph represent?

  The energy transferred to the spring
• What is the elastic limit in the context of Hooke's law?

  Point where object stops obeying Hooke's law
• What is Hooke's law?

  Force is proportional to extension