Green Criminology and Green Crime

• What is green criminology?

  Study of crimes against the environment
• What does green criminology challenge?

  Traditional criminology's narrow views
• What approach does green criminology advocate for?

  Ecocentric approach
• What impact does industrial capitalism have according to green criminology?

  It contributes to environmental challenges
• What are the two types of green crime according to Nigel South?

  • Primary green crimes
  • Secondary green crimes
• What are primary green crimes?

  Crimes causing direct harm to the environment
• What are the four main categories of primary green crimes?

  Air pollution, deforestation, species decline, water pollution
• What are secondary green crimes?

  Crimes arising from violations of environmental regulations
• Give an example of secondary green crime.

  State violence against oppositional groups
• How do traditional criminologists define green crime?

  As activities breaching environmental protection laws
• What is the ecocentric approach in green criminology?

  Focus on environmental rights and justice
• What is zemiology?

  Study of social harms
• What does Ulrich Beck's 'Risk Society' concept explain?

  Modern societies create new environmental risks
• How does Beck view the impact of environmental problems?

  They are global and affect all social divisions
• What do Marxists believe is the main cause of environmental crimes?

  Industrial capitalism
• How do Marxists view the victims of green crime?

  They are often the poorest in society
• What is the focus of green criminology?

  Study of ecological and environmental harm
• What are the four types of primary green crime?

  Air, land, species, and water crimes
• What are tertiary green crimes according to Potter?

  Crimes committed by environmental victims
• What is a common focus of green criminology?

  Climate change and its impacts
• How do wealthier nations contribute to climate change?

  They have higher CO2 emissions per capita
• How might climate change stimulate more crime?

  By creating new reasons for committing crime
• What is the relationship between climate change and migration?

  Climate change migrants often come from poor countries
• What do green criminologists study regarding state-corporate crime?

  Acts leading to ecological degradation
• What is 'dirty collar crime'?

  Illegal services related to waste disposal
• How does organised crime relate to environmental harm?

  It often involves illegal waste disposal
• What are food crimes?

  Crimes related to food production and sale
• What types of food crimes are there?

  Food fraud, poisoning, and illegal trade
• How do economic systems contribute to environmental harm?

  They facilitate conditions for environmental damage
• What is the role of corporations in environmental crime?

  They often pollute and evade regulations
• What is the significance of the Naples garbage crisis?

  Example of organised crime in waste disposal
• How do lax regulations affect environmental crime?

  They allow illegal activities to flourish
• What is the relationship between capitalism and environmental harm?

  Capitalism often prioritizes profit over environment
• What is the focus of green criminology today?

  Green crimes by states and corporations
• Who first used the term 'Green Criminology'?

  Lynch in 1990
• What is the aim of green criminology?

  To create a more humanistic society
• What questions do green criminologists ask?

  Who generates environmental harm and why?
• What is the significance of environmental victimization?

  It leads to crimes committed by victims
• What are the four types of primary green crime?

  Air, land, species, and water crimes
• How do green criminologists view environmental laws?

  They are often poorly developed