exam style questions

• Q: What is the primary purpose of civil courts?

  A: To resolve disputes between individuals or organizations and provide remedies like compensation or injunctions.
• Q: Name the two main courts in the civil court hierarchy in England and Wales.

  A: The County Court and the High Court.
• Q: What types of cases are typically heard in the County Court?

  A: Small claims, debt recovery, personal injury, and housing disputes.
• Q: What are the three divisions of the High Court?

  A: Queen’s Bench Division, Chancery Division, and Family Division.
• Q: What is the jurisdiction of the Queen’s Bench Division?

  A: It handles tort cases, contract disputes, and judicial reviews.
• Q: What types of cases are heard in the Chancery Division?

  A: Disputes involving trusts, probate, insolvency, and intellectual property.
• Q: What is the Small Claims Track?

  A: A County Court procedure for claims under £10,000 (£1,000 for personal injury).
• Q: What is the primary aim of the Civil Procedure Rules (CPR)?

  A: To ensure cases are dealt with justly, fairly, and efficiently.
• Q: What is an “injunction”?

  A: A court order requiring a party to do or stop doing something.
• Q: Define “damages” in civil law.

  A: Monetary compensation awarded to a claimant for loss or injury caused by the defendant.
• Q: What is the “Part 36 Offer” in civil proceedings?

  A: A settlement offer designed to encourage parties to settle disputes without trial.
• Q: What is the role of a District Judge in civil courts?

  A: To hear cases in the County Court, including small claims and fast-track cases.
• Q: What are the three case management tracks in civil litigation?

  A: Small Claims Track, Fast Track, and Multi-Track.
• Q: What is the Fast Track in civil cases?

  A: A procedure for claims between £10,000 and £25,000 with limited trial time (usually one day).
• Q: What is the Multi-Track in civil cases?

  A: A flexible procedure for complex cases over £25,000 or requiring tailored case management.
• Q: What is the “burden of proof” in civil cases?

  A: The claimant must prove their case on the balance of probabilities.
• Q: What is Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)?

  A: Methods of resolving disputes outside of court, such as mediation or arbitration.
• Q: What is the role of a Circuit Judge in civil courts?

  A: To handle more complex cases in the County Court and sometimes High Court cases.
• Q: What is “case management” in civil litigation?

  A: The process where judges oversee the progress of cases to ensure efficiency and fairness.
• Q: What is the overriding objective of the Civil Procedure Rules?

  A: To enable the court to deal with cases justly and proportionately.