Kidney failure

Cards (26)

  • What can cause the kidneys to not work properly?
    Accidents or disease
  • How many functioning kidneys can humans survive with?
    One functioning kidney
  • What happens if both kidneys are damaged?
    Build-up of toxic wastes occurs
  • What is the consequence of untreated kidney failure?
    Death from toxin build-up
  • What is the usual treatment for someone with kidney failure?
    Dialysis
  • What are the treatment options for kidney failure?
    • Kidney dialysis
    • Kidney transplant
    • Artificial kidney machines
  • What is the purpose of dialysis?
    To filter blood and remove toxins
  • How are patients connected to the dialysis machine?
    Through an artery in the arm
  • What separates blood and dialysis fluid in the machine?
    A partially permeable membrane
  • In which direction does blood flow in relation to dialysis fluid?
    Opposite direction
  • What is the concentration of glucose in dialysis fluid?
    Similar to normal blood levels
  • What is the concentration of salts in dialysis fluid?
    Similar to normal blood levels
  • What is the concentration of urea in dialysis fluid?
    No urea present
  • Why is the dialysis fluid continually refreshed?
    To maintain concentration gradients
  • How long does dialysis typically take to complete?
    3-4 hours
  • How often does dialysis need to be done?
    Several times a week
  • What is added to the blood before it runs through the dialysis machine?
    An anticoagulant
  • What is the main advantage of kidney transplants over dialysis?
    Better long-term solution
  • What is a disadvantage of kidney transplants?
    Risk of immune response to new kidney
  • What must be taken to suppress the immune response after a transplant?
    Immunosuppressant drugs
  • What is a consequence of taking immunosuppressant drugs?
    Increased vulnerability to infections
  • What is a challenge regarding kidney donors?
    Not enough donors to meet demand
  • What is a benefit of having a close matched kidney for transplant?
    More freedom from dialysis schedule
  • How does a kidney transplant affect a patient's diet compared to dialysis?
    Less restrictive diet
  • What financial benefit does a kidney transplant provide over dialysis?
    Removes the cost of dialysis machines
  • How does the duration of effectiveness compare between dialysis and kidney transplants?
    Transplant is a long-term solution