Smoking

• What are five things you can become addicted to?

  Drugs, alcohol, gambling, shopping, and gaming
• What are Griffith's six components of addiction?

  1. Salience
  2. Tolerance
  3. Withdrawal symptoms
  4. Relapse
  5. Conflict
  6. Mood modification
• What does salience refer to in addiction?

  It refers to online gaming dominating one's life
• What does tolerance mean in the context of addiction?

  Increasing amounts are needed for the same effect
• What are withdrawal symptoms in addiction?

  Unpleasant feelings when the behavior is reduced
• What does relapse mean in addiction?

  Returning to previous patterns of behavior
• What is conflict in the context of addiction?

  Struggles between addiction and other life aspects
• What is mood modification in addiction?

  Subjective experiences that alter emotional states
• What is the difference between physiological and behavioral addiction?

  Physiological involves substances; behavioral involves actions
• What is a key word relating to addiction?

  Dependence
• What is the biological explanation for smoking addiction initiation?

  Genetic predisposition influences smoking behavior
• What percentage of risk for smoking initiation is attributed to genetic factors according to Carmelli et al. (1991)?

  53%
• What did Vink et al. (2005) find about genetic factors in smoking initiation?

  44% of variation explained by genetics
• How does nicotine affect dopamine receptors in the brain?

  It stimulates dopamine release, causing pleasure

  
• What is the nicotine regulation model?

  Smokers maintain nicotine levels to avoid withdrawal
• What happens during withdrawal from nicotine?

  Symptoms occur quickly, prompting smoking again
• How does tolerance develop in smoking addiction?

  Constant stimulation reduces dopamine receptor sensitivity
• What are the biological effects of nicotine?

  It acts as both a stimulant and depressant

  
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the biological approach to smoking addiction?

  Strengths:

  • Research supports nicotine regulation concept

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Some smokers do not become dependent
  • Other factors influence smoking behavior
• What are the key concepts of the learning theory related to smoking addiction?

  1. Classical conditioning: association with activities
  2. Operant conditioning: reinforcement of behavior
  3. Social learning theory: influence of role models
• How does classical conditioning relate to smoking?

  Associates smoking with pleasurable activities
• What is operant conditioning in the context of smoking addiction?

  Behaviors are reinforced by withdrawal relief
• How does social learning theory explain smoking behavior?

  Influence of peers and role models on smoking
• What role does peer pressure play in smoking addiction?

  It can create social bonds among smokers
• What are conditioned cues in smoking relapse?

  Environmental signals associated with smoking behavior
• What is self-efficacy in the context of quitting smoking?

  Belief in one's ability to quit smoking
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the learning approach to smoking addiction?

  Strengths:

  • Support for conditioned cues in studies

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Not all observers imitate smokers
  • Other factors like self-efficacy are important