Elements

• How many protons does hydrogen have?

  One proton
• How many protons and neutrons does helium have?

  Two protons and two neutrons
• What does the periodic table represent?

  About 100 different elements
• What is the atomic number?

  The number of protons in an atom
• What does an atomic number of two indicate?

  The element is helium
• What is the atomic number of carbon?

  Six
• What happens if an atom has three protons?

  It must be lithium
• What does the symbol 'C' represent?

  Carbon
• What does the symbol 'Li' stand for?

  Lithium
• What defines isotopes of an element?

  Same number of protons, different neutrons
• What is the most common form of carbon?

  Carbon-12
• How many neutrons does carbon-12 have?

  Six neutrons
• What is carbon-13?

  An isotope with seven neutrons
• Why are some element symbols confusing?

  They don't always match the element name
• What are isotopes?

  Different forms of the same element
• What is the mass number of carbon-13?

  Thirteen
• How do isotopes react chemically?


  They react in basically the same way
• What is relative atomic mass?

  The average mass of all isotopes of an element
• What are the stable isotopes of copper?

  Copper-63 and copper-65
• What does abundance mean in this context?

  How common or rare an isotope is
• How do you calculate the relative atomic mass of copper?

  Sum of isotope abundance times isotope mass
• What is the first step in calculating relative atomic mass?

  Multiply each isotope's abundance by its mass
• What is the sum of the abundances of copper isotopes?

  100 percent
• What is the final calculation for relative atomic mass of copper?

  Divide total mass by total abundance
• What is the relative atomic mass of copper to one decimal place?

  63.6
• What does the symbol 'Ar' represent?

  Relative atomic mass
• What is the process to calculate the relative atomic mass of an element?

  1. Multiply each isotope's abundance by its mass.
  2. Sum these values.
  3. Divide by the total abundance of all isotopes.
• What are the key features of nuclear symbols in the periodic table?

  • Represents different elements
  • Atomic number in bottom left
  • One or two letter symbol for element name
• What is an atom made up of?

  A central nucleus and orbiting electrons
• What determines which element an atom is?

  The number of protons in its nucleus
• What is the smallest element?

  Hydrogen