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Plate tectonics
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Cards (32)
What are the four main layers of the Earth?
Inner core
,
outer core
,
mantle
, crust
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What is the diameter of the inner core?
About
1400
km
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What is the composition of the inner core?
Solid and dense layer of
iron
and
nickel
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What is the temperature of the inner core?
About
5500°C
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How thick is the outer core?
About 2100
km
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What state of matter is the outer core?
Semi-
molten
metal layer
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How thick is the mantle?
About 2900
km
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What are the temperature ranges of the outer core?
Between about
5000-5500°C
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What is the density of the mantle compared to the outer core?
Less dense
than the outer core
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What types of crust make up the Earth's crust?
Continental
and
oceanic
crust
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How thick is the oceanic crust?
5-10
km
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How does the density of oceanic crust compare to continental crust?
Heavier
and
denser
than continental crust
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How thick is the continental crust?
25-90
km
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Why is the continental crust older than the oceanic crust?
It isn't
destroyed
like oceanic crust
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What happens to oceanic crust due to plate movement?
It is
continually created
and
destroyed
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What is a plate boundary?
Where two
tectonic plates
meet
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What is the distribution of earthquakes related to plate boundaries?
Earthquakes
occur at
all
types
of
plate
boundaries
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Where do most earthquakes occur?
Along the
Pacific
'Ring of Fire'
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What types of plate boundaries do most volcanoes occur at?
Constructive
and
destructive
plate boundaries
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Where are the majority of active volcanoes located?
Around the rim of the
Pacific Ocean
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What are hotspots in geology?
Plumes of
magma
escaping through the
crust
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How many main types of plate boundaries are there?
Four
main types
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What are the four main types of plate boundaries?
Constructive
Destructive
Conservative
Collision
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What occurs at a constructive plate boundary?
Plates are
moving apart
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Give an example of a constructive plate boundary.
The
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
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What occurs at a destructive plate boundary?
Plates are
moving
together
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Give an example of a destructive plate boundary.
Between the
Nazca
and
South American
plates
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What happens at a collision boundary?
Two
continental plates
move towards each other
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What geological feature forms at a collision boundary?
Fold mountains like the
Himalayas
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What occurs at a conservative boundary?
Plates
move past each other
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What is the only hazard at a conservative boundary?
Earthquakes
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What are the differences between the four types of plate boundaries?
Constructive
: Plates move apart, create new crust
Destructive: Plates move together,
subduction
occurs
Collision:
Continental
plates collide, form mountains
Conservative
: Plates slide past each other, cause earthquakes
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