work done and energy transfer

• • when a force moves an object through a distance, energy is transferred and work is done on the object
• • to make something move or keep it moving, a force must be applied
  • to apply a force, energy is needed
  • so, the force does work to move the object and energy is transferred from one store to another
• • work done against frictional forces acting on an object causes a rise in temperature of the object
  • for example, pushing something against a rough surface
  • pushing something along a rough surface does work against frictional forces, so, energy is transferred to the kinetic and thermal energy store due to friction
  • this causes the temperature of the object to increase
• • work done can be calculated by:
  • work done = force x distance