Bonding (1.2)

• What are noble gases characterized by?

  Full outer shell, very unreactive
• What type of bonding occurs between metals and non-metals?

  Ionic bonding
• How are electrons transferred in ionic bonding?

  From metal to non-metal
• What is a covalent bond?

  Shared pair of electrons
• What is a molecular ion?

  Group of atoms losing or gaining electrons
• What is the charge of Group 1 elements?

  1+
• What happens to sodium in ionic bonding?

  Sodium loses one electron
• What is formed when sodium loses an electron?

  Sodium ion (2, 8)
• How are sodium and chloride ions held together?

  By strong electrostatic forces of attraction
• What is the formula for sodium chloride?

  NaCl
• What is covalent bonding primarily characterized by?

  Sharing of electron pairs
• What do diatomic elements consist of?

  Two atoms covalently bonded
• What are the diatomic elements?

  • Hydrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Nitrogen
  • Chlorine
  • Fluorine
  • Bromine
  • Iodine
• How are covalent bonds represented in diagrams?

  By overlapping circles for shared electrons
• What is metallic bonding characterized by?

  Attraction between delocalized electrons and positive ions
• What are the key features of metallic bonding?

  • Delocalized electrons
  • Positive ions in a lattice
  • Electrostatic attraction between ions and electrons
• What happens to outer shells in metallic bonding?

  Atoms lose outer shells to form positive ions
• What is the structure of metallic bonding?

  Lattice of positive ions with delocalized electrons
• What is the electrostatic force of attraction in metallic bonding?

  Between positive ions and delocalized electrons