Erikson

• What are Erikson's Psychosocial Stages focused on?

  Basic conflicts in human development
• What is the basic conflict in the first stage of Erikson's theory?

  Trust vs. Mistrust
• What is the age range for the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

  0-1 year
• What develops if the caregiver is reliable and nurturing?

  A sense of trust
• What happens if the caregiver fails to provide reliability?

  The child may develop mistrust
• How does consistent caregiver response affect a child?

  It helps the child learn their needs will be met
• What might a child experience if caregivers do not respond to hunger cues?

  The child may experience hunger and distress
• What are the outcomes of success in the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

  Success leads to hope and support in relationships
• What are the consequences of failure in the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

  Failure leads to fear and mistrust in future relationships
• What is the basic conflict in the second stage of Erikson's theory?

  Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
• What age range does the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage cover?

  1-3 years
• What happens if a child is supported in their independence?

  Children become more confident
• What might happen if children doubt their abilities?


  They may experience shame and doubt
• What happens during the stage of becoming more mobile?

  Children develop physically and gain autonomy
• How does autonomy affect a child's development?

  It fosters a sense of accomplishment and responsibility
• What can happen if the process of developing autonomy is rushed?

  Children may experience shame and doubt
• What is the outcome of success in stage 2 of development?

  It leads to the virtue of will
• What may result from failure in stage 2 of development?

  Children may depend on others
• What is the age range for the initiative vs. guilt stage?

  3-6 years
• What is initiative in child development?

  Support for children to take initiative
• What can happen if caregivers discourage independence?

  Children may feel guilt and lack initiative
• What is crucial for learning during rapid development years?

  Interaction with other children
• What does exploration allow children to do?

  Assert their power and control over the environment
• Why is making mistakes important for children?

  It provides crucial learning opportunities
• How can caregivers build a child's self-confidence?

  By supporting the child during development
• How can guilt be mitigated in children?

  By not overly criticizing their mistakes
• What is the outcome of success in stage 3 of development?

  It leads to the virtue of purpose
• What may result from failure in stage 3 of development?

  Children may develop a sense of guilt