Chromosome structure

Cards (10)

what are chromosomes made of?
they are made of DNA and a protein called histone
what is histone?
a protein that is apart of chromosomes
what is the DNA in chromosomes structured like?
the DNA molecule is a double helix, running the length of the chromosome, with sections along its length called genes
when do chromosomes become visible?
they only become visible when chromatin condenses prior to cell division, after each DNA molecule has replicated and made an exact copy itself
what are sister chromatids and where do they lie?
they are the 2 identical copies of a chromosome and they lie parallel along their length, joined at a specialised region, called the centromere
what is a chromatid?
one of the 2 identical copies of a chromosome, joined at the centromere prior to cell division
what is the centromere?
the specialised region of a chromosome where 2 chromatids join and to which the microtubules of the spindle attach at cell division
what does the DNA at the centromere have?
it has a short sequence of bases that repeats many times - it maintains structure but does not carry genetic information
what does the DNA at the centromere do?
it maintains structure but doesn’t carry genetic information
what is this an image of?
the structure of a chromosome