Ploidy levels and chromosome number

Created by

mayesha

Cards (20)

how many chromosomes does a normal human body cell have?
46
how many chromosomes do fruit fly cells have?
8
how many chromosomes do potato cells have?
48
what is the haploid number?
the number of chromosomes in a complete set
what symbol is given to the haploid number?
n
what is the name given to the number of chromosomes in a complete set?
the haploid number
how many complete set of chromosomes do humans have?
they receive one complete set of chromosomes from each parent and so the chromosomes occur in matching pairs, called homologous pairs
what is a homologous pair?
a pair of chromosomes that have the same genes, received from each parent and come together in a matching pair
how many pairs of homologous chromosomes do humans have?
they have 23, in 2 sets, and are described as diploid, with the symbol 2n
what is a ploidy level?
its the number of complete sets of chromosomes in an organism
what is the term for the number of complete sets of chromosomes in and organism?
its ploidy level
what is a polyploid?
an organism with more than 2 complete sets of chromosomes
what is the term used for an organism that has more than 2 complete sets of chromosomes?
a polyploid
what is a diploid?
having 2 complete sets of chromosomes
what is a haploid?
having 1 complete set of chromosomes
what is a homologous pair?
the chromosomes in a homologous pair are identical in size and shape and they carry the same gene loci, with genes for the same characteristics
one chromosome of each pair comes from each parent
some pairs of sex chromosomes, such as the X and Y in male mammals, are different sizes and are not homologous pairs
how many chromosome sets are there in human gametes and what is the ploidy level of it?
1 chromosome set
the ploidy level is haploid
how many chromosome sets are there in human body cells and what is the ploidy level?
there are 2 chromosome sets
the ploidy level is diploid
why do we have 2 copies of every gene? 
as the chromosome sets from the 2 parents carry genes for the same characteristics
what do you call the different versions of genes?
alleles