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Theorists
Gender
Dominance
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Created by
Myka Diaz
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Cards (14)
Coates
womens convo falls into HSBC
men control conversations and usually keeps the topics male orientated.
Zimmerman
&
west
men are more likely to interrupt in mixed sex conversations
used recordings, transcription and analysis
Beattie
zim and west study wasn’t accurate because of sample size
used 10 times as many participants & found men & women interrupt each other equally
questions why interrupting is a sign of weakness and not a sign of interest
Fishman
left to do the conversational shit work
convos fail because of how men respond
the work women do 1983
women take on the role of facilitators in conversations
questions some of Lakeoffs theories (eg. fishman sees tag questions as an attributive of interaction whereas lakeoff sees them as weakness)
Holmes
metaphors are more derogatory for women
women described in terms of food and animal
explores features of womens language like politeness and hedging and sees it as both empowering and limiting
Schulz
terms to describe women have become more negative over time
calls this semantic derogation
highlights the role of language in perpetuating gender inequalities
also participates in marked terms concept
Spender
women are extensions of men (eg. men are always introduced first)
language is a tool of patriarchal power that shapes the way women are perceived and treated
male as norm
man made language
Stanley
there’s 220 negative terms to describe a promiscuous woman but only 20 to describe men
men’s language is more accepted whilst women’s is more scrutinised
Lakeoff
Language and woman’s place
Marked terms = implies deviation from the norm
Perrson
animal insults are used to allude womens sexual behaviour - usually to imply a prostitute
Parker
et
al
commenting on a woman’s sexual behaviour is designed to damage her social status and cause negative psychological effects
Greif
parents interrupt daughters more than sons
male parents interrupt more over all
The
bechdel
test
judges whether a piece of work has :
two women
who talk to each other
and something other than men
Dominance model - idea that
men
are
more
dominant
in
language
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