Esters

• What is the key feature of esters?

  They have a COO group
• What is a distinctive property of esters?

  They tend to have pleasant smells
• How are the smells of esters often described?

  As sweet or fruity
• Why are esters commonly found in perfumes?

  Because they have pleasant smells
• What does it mean for esters to be volatile?

  They evaporate easily
• What are esters commonly used for in food?

  As flavorings
• What two substances are needed to make an ester?

  A carboxylic acid and an alcohol
• What is the name of the ester made from ethanoic acid and ethanol?

  Ethyl ethanoate
• What is used as an acid catalyst in ester formation?

  Concentrated sulfuric acid
• What happens to the carboxylic acid during ester formation?

  It loses its OH group
• What does the alcohol lose during the ester formation reaction?

  The hydrogen from its OH group
• What is formed as a byproduct of the ester formation reaction?

  A water molecule
• What is another name for the COO group in esters?

  Esther link
• What is the process of making an ester?

  • Combine a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
  • Use an acid catalyst (e.g., concentrated sulfuric acid)
  • Carboxylic acid loses OH group
  • Alcohol loses H from OH group
  • Water is formed as a byproduct
• What are the applications of esters?

  • Used in perfumes for pleasant smells
  • Used in food flavorings for taste
  • Volatile nature allows easy evaporation