Purity and formulations

• What is the field of chemical analysis also known as?

  Analytical chemistry
• What does chemical analysis involve?

  Separating, identifying, and quantifying substances
• What are some methods used in chemical analysis?

  • Paper chromatography
  • Filtration
  • Crystallization
  • Distillation
• What is a pure substance?

  Contains only one type of compound or element
• Give an example of a pure substance.

  Pure water or pure sodium chloride
• Why is saltwater not considered pure?

  It is a mixture of two different compounds
• Why is purity important in substances?

  Only pure substances melt and boil at specific temperatures
• At what temperature does water boil?

  100 degrees Celsius
• At what temperature does sodium chloride melt?

  801 degrees Celsius
• What can boiling point tests help identify?

  Unknown substances based on boiling point
• What is a physical test in chemistry?

  Testing physical properties of a substance
• What is a chemical test in chemistry?

  Reacting a substance with another chemical
• How do impure substances behave in terms of melting and boiling points?

  They melt and boil over a range of temperatures
• What effect do impurities have on melting and boiling points?

  Lower melting point, increase boiling point
• What is the melting point of saltwater?

  About minus 2 degrees Celsius
• What is the boiling point of saltwater?

  Around 100.5 degrees Celsius
• What are formulations in chemistry?

  Mixtures prepared with specific formulas
• What is the purpose of a formulation?

  To contain precise amounts of components
• How are formulations similar to recipes?

  They specify proportions of different components
• What are some examples of formulations?

  • Fuels
  • Cleaning agents
  • Paints
  • Medicines
  • Alloys
  • Fertilizers
  • Food and drink
• What is an important feature of formulations?

  Components are always present in the same proportions
• What might different components in a formulation contribute?

  Different properties for the mixture
• What happens after testing different combinations in formulations?

  You find the right combination to repeat
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