Menstrual cycle

• What should you be able to describe by the end of the video?

  The roles of hormones in human reproduction
• What is the endocrine system responsible for?

  Releasing hormones into the bloodstream
• What hormone do the testes produce?

  Testosterone
• What does testosterone stimulate in men?

  Production of sperm
• What hormone do the ovaries produce?

  Estrogen
• What happens to eggs in the ovaries after puberty?

  They start to mature
• What is ovulation?

  Release of an egg from the ovary
• How often does ovulation occur?

  Every 28 days
• What happens to the uterus lining during ovulation?

  It becomes thick and spongy
• What occurs if the egg is fertilized?

  It can implant into the uterus wall
• What happens if the egg is not fertilized?

  Both the egg and uterus lining are released
• What are the four key hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?

  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
• What does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do?

  Causes an egg to mature in the ovary
• What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH)?

  Causes the egg to be released
• What is the function of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

  Maintains the uterus lining and inhibits FSH
• What does progesterone do after ovulation?

  Stops FSH and LH from being released
• What happens to progesterone levels if fertilization does not occur?

  Progesterone levels fall
• How do FSH and estrogen levels interact during the menstrual cycle?

  Estrogen inhibits FSH production as it rises
• What triggers ovulation in the menstrual cycle?

  A peak in luteinizing hormone (LH)
• What is the significance of the menstrual cycle in human reproduction?

  It prepares the body for potential pregnancy
• What is the outcome if fertilization occurs?

  The egg implants into the uterus
• What is the role of the pituitary gland in the menstrual cycle?

  It releases FSH and LH hormones
• How do hormone levels change during the menstrual cycle?

  They fluctuate in response to each other
• What are the stages of the menstrual cycle?

  1. Follicular phase: FSH stimulates egg maturation
  2. Ovulation: LH triggers egg release
  3. Luteal phase: Progesterone maintains uterus lining
  4. Menstruation: If no fertilization, lining sheds