Cloning animals

• What cloning methods will be discussed in this video?

  Embryo transplants and adult cell cloning
• Why is cloning animals more complicated than cloning plants?

  Animal cloning involves more complex processes
• What is the first step in cloning by embryo transplants?

  • Obtain sperm and egg cell from horses
  • Fertilization produces a fertilized egg
• What must the cells in the embryo not have started to do?

  Specialize into any specific cell type
• What tool is used to split the embryo in embryo transplants?

  A glass rod
• What happens to the embryos after they are split?

  They are transplanted into host mothers
• What is a significant problem with embryo transplants?

  Offspring may not have desired characteristics
• What is the key benefit of adult cell cloning?

  • Cloning from an adult ensures known characteristics
• What type of cell is removed from the animal to be cloned?

  A skin cell
• What is removed from the skin cell during adult cell cloning?

  The nucleus
• What does the nucleus contain?

  The genetic information of the animal
• What is done to the unfertilized egg cell in adult cell cloning?

  The nucleus is removed
• What happens to the nucleus from the unfertilized egg cell?

  It is discarded
• What is inserted into the empty egg cell?

  The nucleus from the original adult body cell
• What is done to the egg cell after inserting the nucleus?

  An electric shock is given
• What does the electric shock cause the egg cell to do?

  Divide to form an embryo
• What do the embryo cells contain?

  The same genetic information as the adult skin cell
• Where is the developed embryo inserted?

  Into the womb of an adult female
• What is a key point about the clone's appearance?

  The clone looks nothing like the host mother
• Why does the clone not resemble the host mother?

  It contains none of her genetic material
• What are the stages of adult cell cloning?

  1. Remove a cell from the animal
  2. Remove the nucleus from the cell
  3. Remove the nucleus from an unfertilized egg cell
  4. Insert the nucleus from the adult cell into the egg
  5. Give an electric shock to the egg cell
  6. Insert the embryo into a host mother
• Where can students find more questions on animal cloning?

  In the vision workbook
• What is the purpose of this video?

  To teach about cloning animals