working memory model

• What is the capacity of the articulatory store in the phonological loop?

  2 seconds
• What type of information does the phonological loop process?

  Auditory information
• What are the two stores in the phonological loop?

  • Phonological store: words you hear
  • Articulatory loop: maintenance rehearsal (repetition of words)
• What types of information does the episodic buffer maintain?

  Visual, spatial, and verbal information
• What is the capacity of the episodic buffer according to Baddeley (2012)?

  4 chunks
• What does the episodic buffer do in relation to long-term memory?

  Links to long-term memory and records events
• Who conducted a study on patient KF?

  Shalice and Warington
• What was the main finding regarding patient KF's memory?

  He had poor STM for verbal information
• What does the case of patient KF suggest about the phonological loop?

  Only his phonological loop was damaged
• What did Baddeley (1975) demonstrate about dual task performance?

  More difficulty with two visual tasks
• What does the dual task performance study suggest about information processing?

  Visual and verbal information are processed separately
• What is a criticism of the central executive in the working memory model?

  It lacks clarity and evidence
• What area of the brain is associated with central executive processing?

  Left prefrontal cortex
• What did Braver et al (1997) find regarding task difficulty and the left prefrontal cortex?

  Activity increased as tasks became harder
• What is the word length effect found by Baddeley (1975)?

  Shorter words are easier to remember
• What happens to the word length effect with articulatory suppression?

  The effect disappears
• What are the three components of the working memory model?

  • Central executive: coordinates activities of sub-systems
  • Phonological loop: holds verbal information
  • Visuo-spatial sketchpad: holds visual and spatial information
• What is the function of the central executive in the working memory model?

  Coordinates activities and allocates resources
• What does the visuo-spatial sketchpad process?

  Visual and spatial information
• What is the capacity of the visuo-spatial sketchpad according to Baddeley (2003)?

  Three to four objects
• What are the two components of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

  Visual cache and inner scribe
• What is the definition of the working memory model (WMM)?

  • Represents short-term memory (STM)
  • Suggests STM processes different types of information
  • Uses sub-units coordinated by the central executive
• What is the role of the episodic buffer in the working memory model?

  • Brings material from sub-sections together
  • Links to long-term memories
• What is the significance of the working memory model in cognitive psychology?

  • Active during temporary storage and manipulation of information
  • Important for tasks like gaming and language comprehension