Radioactive decay and half life

Cards (21)

  • What are the two terms discussed in the video?
    Activity and half-life
  • What happens to unstable isotopes to become more stable?
    They decay by emitting radiation
  • What do we call materials that emit radiation?
    Radioactive materials
  • Why can't we predict when a single radioactive isotope will decay?
    The decay process is completely random
  • What can we determine from a large sample of radioactive isotopes?
    The activity and half-life of the sample
  • How is activity measured?
    In becquerels
  • What does one becquerel represent?
    One decay per second
  • If a sample has an activity of 600 becquerels, how many isotopes decay each second?
    600 isotopes decay each second
  • What is half-life defined as?
    The time for radioactive nuclei or activity to halve
  • If a sample has 1 million unstable nuclei, how many will remain after one half-life?
    500,000 nuclei will remain
  • How does the decay process affect the number of unstable particles over time?
    The number of unstable particles decreases
  • What happens to the overall rate of decay as the number of unstable particles decreases?
    The overall rate of decay also decreases
  • Why does the decay graph appear curved rather than a straight line?
    Because the rate of decline falls over time
  • How do you calculate half-life from a decay graph?
    Find the time for activity to halve
  • What is the half-life of the sample in the example given?
    Two hours
  • What device is used to measure activity in real life?
    Geiger-Muller tube
  • What does a Geiger-Muller tube record?
    Decays that reach it each second
  • If the half-life of a radioactive source is 40 hours, how many half-lives are in 120 hours?
    Three half-lives
  • How many radioactive nuclei remain after three half-lives from 3 million?
    375,000 nuclei remain
  • What are the key concepts of activity and half-life in radioactive decay?
    • Activity: overall rate of decay
    • Measured in becquerels
    • Half-life: time for nuclei or activity to halve
    • Decay process is random
    • Fewer unstable particles lead to lower activity
  • How do you determine the remaining radioactive nuclei after multiple half-lives?
    1. Calculate total time in hours
    2. Divide by half-life to find half-lives
    3. Start with initial nuclei count
    4. Halve the count for each half-life