2.1.3 Ionic Compounds

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Cards (4)

  • How are Ionic Compounds held together?
    They are held together in a giant lattice, It's a regular structure that extends in all directions in a substance, Electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions holds the structure together.
  • State the properties of Ionic Substances.
    High melting and Boiling point (Strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions), Do not conduct electricity when solid (ions in fixed positions), Conduct when molten or dissolved in water - ions free to move.
  • Give 5 examples of positive ions and 5 examples of negative ions (give names of negative anions). What is important when working out a formula of an ionic compound?
    E.g. positive: Na+, Mg^2, AI^3+, Ca^2+, Rb+, E.g. Negative: Cl-, Br-, SO>4^2-, NO>3-, OH-. (Chloride, Bromide, Sulfate, Nitrate, Hydroxide). Ionic Compounds are electrically neutral, i.e. positive and negative charges balance each other.
  • How are Ionic compounds formed? Explain in terms of MgO case.
    Reaction of a metal with a non-metal. Electron transfers occurs - metals give away their outer shell electrons to non-metals. Mg is in Group 2, so it has 2 available outer shell electrons. O is in Group VI, so can accept 2 electrons to get a full outer shell configuration. Mg becomes Mg^2+ and O becomes O^2- (oxide).