chem kay words + more🤯

• What is an indicator?

  A chemical that changes colour in the presence of an acid or almaline
• What does a base produce when it reacts with an acid?


  A salt and water
• What is an alkali?

  A soluble base
• How does a strong acid behave in water?

  It ionizes completely
• How does a weak acid behave in water?

  It ionizes partially
• What is the behavior of a strong alkali in water?

  It ionizes completely
• What is the behavior of a weak alkali in water?

  It ionizes partially
• What is neutralization?

  Reaction between an acid and an alkali
• What is a salt?

  A compound formed from an acid
• What does the pH scale measure?

  The acidity of a substance
• What is the pH range of the scale?

  0 to 14
• What pH indicates a strong acid?

  Less than 7
• What pH indicates a strong alkali?

  More than 7
• What color does universal indicator turn in strong acids?

  Red
• What color does universal indicator turn in strong alkalis?

  Purple
• What is the dissociation of ethanoic acid?

  CH₃COOH ⇌ CH₃COO⁻ + H⁺
• How many hydrogen ions are produced from 2000 molecules of hydrochloric acid?

  2000 hydrogen ions
• How many hydrogen ions are produced from 2000 molecules of ethanoic acid?

  10 hydrogen ions
• How many hydrogen ions are produced from 2000 molecules of sulfuric acid?

  6000 hydrogen ions
• What is the dissociation equation for methanoic acid?

  HCOOH ⇌ H⁺ + HCOO⁻
• What is the dissociation equation for carbonic acid?

  H₂CO₃ ⇌ 2H⁺ + CO₃²⁻
• What is the general reaction of an acid with a metal oxide?

  Acid + metal oxide → metal salt + water
• What happens when copper oxide reacts with dilute sulfuric acid?

  It forms copper sulfate and water
• What is the general reaction of an acid with a metal hydroxide?

  Acid + metal hydroxide → metal salt + water
• What is produced when sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  Sodium chloride and water
• What is observed during a neutralization reaction?

  A temperature change may be observed
• What is the equation for the reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid?

  CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂
• What is the equation for the reaction of copper oxide with nitric acid?

  CuO + 2HNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
• What is the equation for the reaction of lithium oxide with hydrochloric acid?

  Li₂O₃ + 6HCl → 2LiCl₃ + 3H₂O
• What are the properties of strong and weak acids?

  • Strong acids ionize completely in water.
  • Weak acids ionize partially in water.
• What are the properties of strong and weak alkalis?

  • Strong alkalis ionize completely in water.
  • Weak alkalis ionize partially in water.
• What are the general equations for neutralization reactions?

  1. Acid + metal oxide → metal salt + water
  2. Acid + metal hydroxide → metal salt + water
• What are examples of strong acids and their salts?

  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl) → Chlorides
  • Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) → Sulfates
  • Nitric acid (HNO₃) → Nitrates
• What are examples of weak acids and their salts?

  • Ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) → Ethanoates
• What are examples of common solutions and their pH?

  • Gastric juice: strong acid
  • Vinegar: weak acid
  • Pure water: neutral
  • Blood: weak alkali
  • Seawater: weak alkali
  • Washing soda solution: strong alkali
• What is the significance of the pH scale?

  • Measures acidity or alkalinity
  • Ranges from 0 (strong acid) to 14 (strong alkali)
• What is the role of hydroxide ions in alkalis?

  • Hydroxide ions (OH⁻) are produced when alkalis dissolve in water.
• What is the significance of temperature change in neutralization reactions?

  • Indicates an exothermic reaction.
• What is the role of universal indicator in measuring pH?

  • Changes color based on the pH of a solution.