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Personality Psychology
Lecture 2 - Early biological theories of personality
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milli marvin
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Cards (25)
Is personality inherited according to the biological perspective?
Yes
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Who are some early theorists of the biological perspective on personality?
Hippocrates
,
Galen
,
Kretchsmer
,
Sheldon
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What are the 4 personality types according to Hippocrates?
Choleric
,
Sanguine
,
Phlegmatic
,
Melancholic
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What did Galen find out about the personality types of Hippocrates?
They depend on the balance of the
four humours
in the body
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What are the four humours in the body according to Galen?
Yellow bile
, blood, phlegm,
black bile
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How did Galen link the four humours to the personality types?
Excess of yellow bile -
choleric
, excess of blood -
sanguine
, excess of phlegm -
phlegmatic
, excess of black bile -
melancholic
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Who proposed the idea that body type is related to personality type in the 20th century?
Kretchsmer
and
Sheldon
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What are the 3 main types of physique according to Kretchsmer?
Aesthenic
,
athletic
,
pyknic
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How did Kretchsmer link physique to personality?
Aesthenic
-
schizophrenia
,
athletic
-
thought disorders
,
pyknic
-
manic depression
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What are the 3 body types according to Sheldon?
Endomorphy
,
mesomorphy
,
ectomorphy
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How did Sheldon link body types to personality types?
Endomorphic
-
visceratonia
,
mesomorphic
-
somatonia
,
ectomorphic
-
cerebrotonia
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What are the 3 personality types according to Sheldon?
Visceratonia
,
somatonia
,
cerebrotonia
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Who found that delinquent boys are more likely to be mesomorphs?
Glueck
and Glueck
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What is the model that Sheldon proposed to explain the relationship between genes, body type, and personality?
Genes
-
body type
-
personality
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What is the current view on the biological perspective of personality?
Acceptance of
genetic influence
on personality
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What are some other biological theories of personality today?
Brain wave activity
,
hormone levels
, heart rate responsiveness, CNS determines personality
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What is somatotyping?
Rating system
to rate body type
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How did Brant (1988) study somatotyping?
Used a
rating system
to rate themselves how much they see themselves as a particular
body
type
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What were the findings of Brant (1988) study?
Males rated themselves as a 4 for
endomorphy
, 4 for
mesomorphy
, and a 3 for
ectomorphy
, women rated themselves as a 5 for endomorphy, 3 for mesomorphy, and a 3 for ectomorphy
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What is a flaw in Sheldon's research?
Researcher bias
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What is the idea that personality and heart disease are linked?
Personality
and
heart
disease
are linked
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What are the main components of the biological perspective on personality?
*
Genetic influence
*
Body type
* Personality types
*
Brain wave activity
*
Hormone levels
*
Heart rate responsiveness
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What is the concept of blood types and personality?
Blood
types
and
personality
are
linked
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What are the strengths and weaknesses of the biological perspective on personality?
Strengths:
* Provides a framework for understanding personality
* Links personality to
biological factors
Weaknesses:
* Oversimplifies the complexity of personality
* Fails to account for
environmental factors
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How can the biological perspective on personality be applied in real-life situations?
* Understanding
individual differences
in personality
* Developing personalized interventions for
personality disorders
* Informing strategies for improving mental health
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