Radiographic technique abdomen

• What is the position of the patient for a supine abdomen X-ray?

  The patient lies supine on their back
• Why should patients remove clothing and metallic objects before an abdominal X-ray?

  To prevent artifacts in the image
• What should be done with the patient's bladder before an abdominal X-ray?

  Ensure the patient empties their bladder
• What is the purpose of confirming the clinical reason for imaging?

  To ensure patient consent and appropriateness
• Where should the central ray (CR) be centered for a supine abdomen X-ray?

  The level of the iliac crest
• How should the CR be aligned for accurate representation?

  Perpendicular to the image receptor
• What size cassette should be used for a full abdomen X-ray?

  35x43 cm (14x17 inch) cassette
• What is the purpose of collimation in X-ray imaging?

  To minimize radiation exposure and improve contrast
• What should the patient do before the X-ray exposure?

  Take a deep breath and hold it
• What are the criteria for evaluating the image quality of a supine abdomen X-ray?

  Sharp outlines with no motion artifact
• What does the ALARP principle stand for in radiation protection?

  As Low As Reasonably Practicable
• What should be done for male patients regarding gonadal shielding?

  Shield the testes if not obstructing the area
• When should a pelvic shield be used for female patients?

  Only when it does not compromise diagnosis
• What are the typical exposure factors for an average adult abdomen X-ray?

  70−80 kVp and 20−30 mAs
• Why should the radiographer stand at least 2 meters away from the X-ray tube?

  To minimize radiation exposure
• What personal dosimetry equipment should a radiographer wear?

  A personal dosimeter (e.g., TLD or EPD)
• What is the minimum lead equivalence for a lead apron?

  0.25 mm lead equivalence
• What should be verified before imaging to avoid repeats?

  Patient positioning and exposure factors
• What are the steps for patient preparation before a supine abdomen X-ray?

  • Remove clothing and metallic objects
  • Provide a gown if necessary
  • Ensure bladder is emptied
  • Confirm clinical reason and patient consent
• What are the key image evaluation criteria for a supine abdomen X-ray?

  • Entire abdomen visualized from diaphragm to symphysis pubis
  • Anatomy visible: diaphragm, bowel gas patterns, kidneys, liver, bladder
  • No rotation: symmetry of iliac wings and vertebrae
  • Sharp outlines with no motion artifact
  • Proper exposure index for appropriate contrast
• What are the radiation protection measures for patients during an X-ray?

  • Follow ALARP principle
  • Use appropriate exposure factors
  • Apply gonadal shielding
  • Collimate tightly to minimize exposure
• What are the radiation protection measures for radiographers during an X-ray?

  • Stand behind a lead shield or 2 meters away
  • Wear personal dosimetry equipment
  • Use protective equipment like lead aprons
  • Avoid repeats by verifying positioning and exposure