Groups in periodic table

Cards (52)

  • What are the alkali metals known for?
    Lower melting and boiling points
  • Why can alkali metals be cut with a knife?
    weak intermolecular forces of attraction.
  • What type of compounds do alkali metals form?
    Ionic compounds
  • How do alkali metals lose their outer electron?
    They lose it easily to form 1+ ions
  • How does reactivity change as you go down Group 1?
    Reactivity increases down the group
  • Why is the outer electron lost more easily in lower alkali metals?
    It is further from the nucleus
  • What happens when alkali metals react with cold water?
    They produce hydroxide and hydrogen gas
  • What is the overall equation for sodium reacting with water?
    2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
  • How does the reactivity of Group 1 metals with water change down the group?
    It becomes more violent
  • What observation would you make when lithium reacts with water?
    It fizzes and melts around the surface
  • What happens when potassium reacts with water?
    It ignites the hydrogen gas produced
  • How can you predict the reactivity of rubidium and caesium with water?
    They will be more violent than potassium
  • How are caesium and rubidium stored?
    They are stored in oil
  • How many elements are in Group 7?
    Seven elements
  • What do all Group 7 elements have in common?
    They have 7 electrons in their outer shell
  • What is the state of fluorine at room temperature?
    Pale, poisonous green gas
  • What is the appearance of chlorine at room temperature?
    Pale-green liquid
  • What is bromine at room temperature?
    Poisonous, red-brown liquid
  • What is iodine at room temperature?
    Dark grey crystalline solid
  • How do halogens exist?
    As diatomic molecules
  • What happens to the melting and boiling points of halogens down Group 7?
    They increase down the group
  • How can you test for chlorine gas?
    Using damp blue litmus paper
  • What happens to damp blue litmus paper in chlorine gas?
    It turns white due to bleaching
  • How does reactivity change as you go down Group 7?
    Reactivity decreases down the group
  • Why do halogens become less reactive down the group?
    It gets harder to attract an electron
  • What do halogens form when they react with hydrogen?
    Hydrogen halides
  • What do halogens form when they react with metals?
    Salts called metal halides
  • What happens when hydrogen halides dissolve in water?
    They form acidic solutions
  • What is an example of a hydrogen halide?
    HCl forms hydrochloric acid
  • Why do halogens have similar reactions?
    They have the same number of outer electrons
  • What are the noble gases known for?
    Being unreactive
  • What are the elements in Group 0?
    Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon
  • What state are noble gases at room temperature?
    Colourless gases
  • What does it mean that noble gases are monatomic?
    They consist of single atoms
  • Why are noble gases inert?
    They have a full outer shell of electrons
  • What is a property of noble gases regarding flammability?
    They are non-flammable
  • What are some uses of noble gases?
    Provide inert atmosphere and protect metals
  • How does argon help in light bulbs?
    It prevents the filament from burning
  • Why is helium used in balloons?
    It has lower density than air
  • What trends exist in the properties of noble gases?
    Boiling point and density increase down the group