neural explanations explains offending behaviour in terms of areas of the brain and nervous system and action of neurotransmitters in controlling behaviours
Role of pre-frontal cortex
Raine found that murderers violent individuals have reduced functioning in the prefrontal cortex - which is the area of the brain involved in regulating emotional responses and moral decision making and behaviours
Low activity is associated with impulsivity and lack of control
Role of the limbic system
Limbic system a set of subcortical structures like thalamus and amygdala which are linked to emotion and motivation
Raine studied people found not guilt by reason of insanity compared with controls he found abnormal asymmetries in the limbic system of murderersespecially amygdala
The role of Serotonin
Low levels predispose individuals to impulsive aggression and criminal behaviour
Low levels=lack of inhibition by prefrontal cortex of impulsive urges
Dompanie hyperactivity could enhance this
role of Noradrenaline
Both very high and very low levels of this associated with aggression, violence and criminality
High levels indicate activation of sns to fight or flight
Low levels reduce ability to react to perceived threats
