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Psychology
Biopsychology
Endocrine system
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Cards (40)
What is the endocrine system?
A network of
glands
that secrete
hormones
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How does the endocrine system work with the nervous system?
It controls
vital functions
alongside the nervous system
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What are hormones?
Chemical
messengers secreted by
glands
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How are hormones released into the body?
They are released directly into the
bloodstream
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Name the major glands in the endocrine system.
Pituitary gland
,
adrenal glands
,
reproductive organs
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What is the role of the pituitary gland?
It regulates the
endocrine system
by releasing
hormones
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What is the adrenal gland's role in the body?
Facilitates the release of
adrenaline
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What hormones do the testes produce?
Testosterone
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What hormones do the ovaries produce?
Estrogen
and
progesterone
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How does the endocrine system maintain hormone levels?
Through
feedback mechanisms
involving the
hypothalamus
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What happens when cortisol levels are too high?
It can lead to
Cushing's syndrome
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What is the primary function of the pituitary gland?
To influence the release of
hormones
from other glands
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What hormones does the anterior pituitary produce?
ACTH
,
LH
, and
FSH
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What does ACTH stimulate?
The
adrenal glands
to produce
cortisol
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What is the role of oxytocin?
Stimulates
uterine
contractions during childbirth
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What are the two parts of the adrenal glands?
Adrenal cortex
and
adrenal medulla
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What does the adrenal cortex produce?
Cortisol
and
aldosterone
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What is the function of adrenaline?
Prepares the body for
fight or flight
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What do the ovaries produce besides eggs?
Estrogen
and
progesterone
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What is the role of testosterone?
Development of
male
characteristics
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What are endocrine glands?
Groups of cells that produce
hormones
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How is testosterone production regulated?
By the
hypothalamus
and
pituitary gland
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How do hormones influence behavior?
They
affect
behavior
in
different
ways
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What is the endocrine system's primary function?
To manufacture and secrete
hormones
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What are target cells?
Cells that have specific receptors for
hormones
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What happens when receptor sites are stimulated?
A
physiological
reaction occurs in the target cell
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Why is timing of hormone release critical?
It ensures normal functioning of
bodily
systems
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What is the effect of low cortisol levels?
Low
blood pressure
and poor
immune function
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What is the anterior pituitary responsible for?
Producing hormones like
ACTH
,
LH
, and
FSH
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What does the posterior pituitary release?
Oxytocin
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What is the function of aldosterone?
Maintaining
blood volume
and
pressure
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What hormones does the adrenal medulla release?
Adrenaline
and
noradrenaline
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What is the role of the hypothalamus in hormone regulation?
It controls the
pituitary gland's
hormone release
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How does testosterone affect men?
It influences
sex drive
and
muscle strength
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What is a key characteristic of hormones?
They travel through the
bloodstream
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What is the significance of the pituitary gland being called the "master gland"?
It
influences
the
release
of
hormones
from
other
glands
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What are the functions of the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla?
Adrenal cortex: Produces
cortisol
and
aldosterone
Adrenal medulla: Releases
adrenaline
and
noradrenaline
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What are the key terms related to the endocrine system?
Endocrine Glands
: Produce and secrete
hormones
Endocrine System
: Network of glands secreting hormones
Hormones: Chemical messengers influencing processes
Pituitary Gland
: Master gland influencing other glands
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What are the physiological effects of cortisol?
Cardiovascular
functions
Anti-inflammatory
functions
Low levels lead to
low blood pressure
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What are the effects of testosterone in males?
Development of male characteristics
Influences sex drive and
sperm
production
Maintains muscle strength and overall health
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