Anti-Catholic sentiment

• When was the first explicit anti-Catholic law?

  1643
• What was the first explicit anti-Catholic law?

  The Oath of Abjuration
• What did the Oath of Abjuration require?

  Catholics over 21 years old had to denounce basic Catholic beliefs
• What was the punishment for refusing the Oath of Abjuration?

  They would have 2/3 of their lands and goods confiscated
• When was the Oath of Abjuration re-issued?

  1656
• Why was the Oath of Abjuration more harsh?

  All catholic chapels in foreign embassies were to be closed and a fine of £100 issued if anyone worshipped in them
• What did Cromwell issue in 1654?


  An order which stated that laws against Catholics would continue
• Which Catholic queen did Charles marry?

  Henrietta Maria
• What was Henrietta Maria allowed?


  Her own private Catholic church in court
• What did Henrietta Maria allow her Catholic priests to do?

  'Officiate' outside of her private Chapel
• What began happening after children were born in court?

  Royal children and children of courtiers worshipped in her Catholic chapel
• What did many Privy Council members have by the mid-1630s?


  Catholic wives
• When did Charles receive Papal envoys?

  1634 and 1637
• What restrictions did Charles place onto Henrietta?


  He made no attempt to restrict it
• What did Henrietta often do?

  She carried out pilgrimages to sites of Catholic significance e.g Tyburne
• What was the difference between Puritans and Catholics at this point?


  Puritans were harassed while Catholics were largely left alone
• Why did Personal Rule raise Catholic suspicions?

  He appeared to be similar to the policy of 'Thorough' carried out by French Catholic kings
• Who did the Toleration act exclude?

  Excluded measures of toleration for Catholics
• How did Cromwell use Catholicism to promote The Rump?


  He spread fear about Catholicism to promote the actions of the Rump
• What was an example of a Catholic massacre spread by Cromwell?

  Duke of Savoy used Catholic troops to carry out massacres of Protestants in his state which Cromwell made sure was spread
• Who was the Great Fire of London blamed on?

  Catholic agents/Jesuit priests trying to take over
• How many Catholics were killed as a result of the Popish Plot?

  35 tried and executed by 1680
• What did the Declaration of Indulgence mean for Catholics?


  They were able to worship in private
• What did James issue in 1686?

  Instructions forbidding bishops from preaching anti-Catholic sermons
• What did James set up to punish dissenters?

  The Court of Ecclesiastical Commission
• What did James do to help Catholics?

  Exempted them from the Test and Corporation Acts
• Which university was given a Catholic head?

  Magdalen College, Oxford, was forced to accept a Catholic president
• Where were Catholics appointed?

  To the Privy council
• How many Catholics became JPs?

  More than 200 Catholics replaced Protestants as JPs
• When was James' son born?

  In June 1688