Carboxylic Acids

• What is the functional group found in all carboxylic acids?

  -COOH
• Methanoic acid molecular formula

  $CH_2O_2$
• Methanoic acid Structural Formula

  $HCOOH$
• Molecular formula of ethanol acid

  $C_2H_4O_2$
• Structural formula of Ethanoic Acid

  $CH_3COOH$
• Molecular formula of propanoic acid

  $C_3H_6O_2$
• Structural formula of Propanoic Acid

  $CH_3CH_2COOH$
• Molecular formula of butanoic acid

  $C_4H_8O_2$
• Structural formula of butanoic acid

  $CH_3CH_2CH_2COOH$
• How are carboxylic acids formed?

  By the oxidation of alcohols
• carboxylic acid reacting with metal equation

  carboxylic acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen
• carboxylic acid reacting with carbonate equation

  carboxylic acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide
• Naming the salt when it reacts with a carboxylic acid:

  1st bit of the name is from the metal or ammonium. E.g. sodium __ or ammonium __

  2nd bit of name is from the acid used:

  Methanoic acid -> methanoate

  Ethanoic acid -> ethanoate

  Propanoic acid -> propanoate

  Butanoic acid -> butanoate

  Example:

  Calcium + Methanoic acid -> calcium methanoate + hydrogen

  $Ca+$$2COOH\ ->\left(COOH\right)_2Ca+$$H_2$
• What is vinegar?


  Dilute aqueous Ethanoic acid
• displayed formula for Methanoic acid 


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• Displayed formula for Ethanoic acid 


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• displayed formula of propanoic acid 


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• displayed formula of butanoic acid

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  A)

  B)