Prokaryotes

• Pilus


  • on outside of bacteria
  • transfer DNA
• Prokaryotes


  • outer layer - slime capsule
  • middle layer - peptidoglycan cell wall
  • inner layer - plasma membrane
• Prokaryotes


  • 70S ribosomes
  • flagella do not have 9+2 arrangement of microtubules
  • DNA loops with no histones
• Size

  • prokaryotes - 0.5 - 5 micrometers in diameter
  • eukaryotes - up to 100 micrometers in diameter
• DNA

  • prokaryotes - circular DNA with no proteins, plasmids
  • eukaryotes - DNA is associated with histones -> chromatin
• Cell division

  • prokaryotes - occurs via binary fissions
  • eukaryotes - via mitosis or meiosis, involves a spindle to separate chromosomes
• prokaryotes

  contain no membrane bound organelles