Rosenthal and Jacobson (1968)

• Who conducted the study at Oak Community School?

  Robert Rosenthal and Leonora Jacobson
• What was the purpose of the test given to pupils?

  To determine which pupils would excel
• What type of test was actually administered to the pupils?

  A standard IQ test
• What percentage of pupils were labeled as 'spurters'?

  20%
• What was the significant finding after one year regarding the 'spurters'?

  47% made significant improvements
• On which group of children did the effect have a greater impact?

  Younger children
• What did Rosenthal and Jacobson suggest about teachers' beliefs?

  They believed the false test results
• How did teachers respond to the 'higher achievers'?

  They gave them more attention and encouragement
• What concept does this study illustrate regarding teacher influence?

  Self-fulfilling prophecy
• What does the random selection of pupils indicate about teacher influence?

  Teachers significantly influence pupil outcomes