Nicholas II

• What was the time period of the collapse of the Russian Empire?

  1894-1917
• What message did the artist wish to convey in the painting of Bloody Sunday?

  The course of the revolution
• What were the significant events of the 1905 revolution?

  Strikes, demonstrations, and vandalism
• How did the police respond during the 1905 revolution?

  They became largely ineffective in some places
• What role did right-wing groups play during the 1905 revolution?

  They supported the Tsar and attacked opponents
• Where were the leaders of the main socialist parties during the 1905 revolution?

  They were mainly in exile in Europe
• Who made significant contributions to the 1905 revolution?

  The liberals with the support of students
• What did the Union of Unions request?

  A national representative assembly elected by universal suffrage
• What was the Union of Unions?

  An umbrella body for liberal political reform
• What event in May added impetus to demands for political change?

  The Russian Baltic fleet was wiped out at Tsushima
• What were the key events of the 1905 revolution to note?

  Bloody Sunday, Union of Unions, peasant action
• What were the main components of the October Manifesto?

  • Constitutional government
  • More freedoms of speech
  • Removal of press restrictions
• How did Tsar Nicholas II respond to the demands for a constitutional government?

  He reluctantly agreed to some reforms
• What was the role of P.A. Stolypin as the new Minister of the Interior?

  He was determined to crush all uprisings swiftly
• What methods did the government use to suppress peasant uprisings?

  Punitive expeditions with brutal methods
• What was the significance of Stolypin's necktie?

  It referred to the hangings of peasants
• Why did the Tsar survive the 1905 revolution?

  The army remained loyal despite disturbances
• What military reforms were introduced on 6 December?

  Increased pay and reduced service terms
• What financial support did Witte secure in April 1906?

  A huge loan from French bankers
• What were the significant outcomes of the 1905 revolution?

  • Establishment of the Duma
  • Formation of liberal political parties
  • Increased opportunities for middle classes
• How did the revolutionary parties impact the 1905 revolution?

  They played a relatively small part
• What did historians often view the 1905 revolution as?

  A dress rehearsal for the 1917 revolution
• What were the key dates of the 1905 revolution?

  9 January, 4 February, 17 October
• What happened during the mutiny of the Battleship Potemkin?

  It revolted over harsh conditions and mistreatment
• What was the government's response to the mutiny on the Potemkin?

  Troops were ordered to disperse the crowd
• What was the significance of the events in October 1905?

  They marked a turning point in the revolution
• What did the Tsar's government learn from the 1905 revolution?

  It could survive as long as the army remained loyal
• What was the role of the liberals after the 1905 revolution?

  They sought opportunities to participate in government
• How did the Tsar's reluctance affect the political landscape after 1905?

  It led to increased tensions and demands for change
• What was the role of the Orthodox Church in the Union of Russian People?

  It favored the Union and supported its activities
• What was the significance of the assassination of the Grand Duke Sergei?

  It highlighted the instability of the regime
• What happened during the All-Russian Peasant Union meeting in July 1905?

  It marked a significant gathering of peasant leaders
• What were the consequences of the Treaty of Portsmouth?

  It ended the war with Japan
• What occurred during the general strike in September 1905?

  It involved widespread worker protests
• What was the significance of the Kadet Party formed in October 1905?

  It represented liberal political interests
• What was the St Petersburg Soviet formed to do?

  To represent workers and organize protests
• What were the implications of the armed uprising in Moscow?

  It demonstrated the ongoing resistance to the Tsar
• What was the government's approach to suppressing peasants and minorities in 1906?

  It involved harsh repression and violence
• What was the event that occurred on 9th January 1905?

  Bloody Sunday
• How did the 1905 revolution threaten the Tsar's power?

  It highlighted instability and unrest in Russia