H.E

• What are the main characteristics of fast food?

  High in sugar, salt, and fat
• Why is fast food often chosen over healthier options?

  It is widely advertised and convenient
• What is one health effect of eating too much fast food?

  Childhood obesity
• Why is fibre important in the diet?

  It helps prevent constipation and bowel diseases
• What is a source of dietary fibre?

  Whole meal bread
• What is the function of fat in the body?

  Provides energy and insulation
• What is a source of unsaturated fat?

  Margarine
• What is a health risk associated with high salt intake?

  High blood pressure
• What is the recommended daily salt intake for adults?

  6g
• Why is it important to reduce sugar intake?

  To avoid obesity and diabetes
• What is a source of hidden sugar?

  Biscuits
• What is a benefit of regular exercise?

  Improves muscle tone and stamina
• What is a tip for reducing fat while cooking?

  Use the grill
• Why is it important to eat breakfast?

  Provides energy and improves concentration
• What is a characteristic of a vegan diet?

  Excludes all animal products
• Why might someone choose a vegetarian diet for health reasons?

  It is lower in saturated fat
• What is a source of protein for vegans?

  Quinoa
• Why is vitamin C important for vegetarians?

  It helps with iron absorption
• What is a source of vitamin B12 for vegetarians?

  Fortified cereals
• Why is gelatine avoided by many vegetarians?

  It is made from animal products
• What are the stages of the human lifecycle?

  • Baby/toddler (0-3 years)
  • Childhood (4-11 years)
  • Adolescence (12-18 years)
  • Adulthood (19-64 years)
  • Old age (65+ years)
• What are the different types of vegetarian diets?

  • Semi or demi vegetarians: no red meat, eat fish or poultry
  • Lacto-ovo vegetarians: no meat
  • Lacto vegetarians: no meat, poultry, fish, or eggs; eat dairy
  • Ovo vegetarians: no meat, poultry, fish, or dairy; eat eggs
  • Vegans: no animal products
• What are the reasons people choose vegetarianism?

  • Personal beliefs
  • Religion
  • Health
  • Animal welfare
  • Taste
  • Environment
  • Social influence
  • Economic reasons
• What are the health concerns for vegetarians and vegans?

  • Iron deficiency
  • Protein deficiency
  • Calcium deficiency (vegans)
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency (vegans)
  • High saturated fat intake (vegetarians)
  • Essential fatty acids (vegans)
• What are the tips for reducing salt in the diet?

  • Choose fresh or frozen vegetables
  • Read labels for sodium content
  • Cut down on high-salt snacks
  • Use herbs and spices instead of salt
• What are the tips for reducing fat in the diet?

  • Buy low-fat cheese
  • Choose lean meat
  • Use semi-skimmed or skimmed milk
  • Trim fat off meat
  • Use the grill instead of frying
• What are the tips for increasing fibre in the diet?

  • Eat whole grain cereals
  • Eat whole meal bread
  • Eat brown rice
  • Eat whole wheat pasta
  • Eat nuts and dried fruit
• What are the effects of too much sugar in the diet?

  • Tooth decay
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes
• What are the effects of too much salt in the diet?

  • High blood pressure
  • Stroke
  • Heart disease
• What are the effects of too much fat in the diet?

  • Obesity
  • Coronary heart disease
• What are the benefits of healthy eating?

  • Provides energy
  • Improves concentration
  • Reduces fat and sugar intake
  • Increases fibre content
  • Provides vitamins and minerals
• What are the benefits of regular exercise?

  • Improves muscle tone and stamina
  • Improves mental health
  • Prevents lung disease, cancer, and heart attacks
  • Prevents addiction, brain, and liver damage
• What are the basic human needs?

  • Physical: food, water, shelter, hygiene
  • Intellectual: education, books, play
  • Emotional: love, security, belonging
  • Social: relationships, friendships, hobbies
• What are the ways to make mealtimes more enjoyable for children?

  • Eat together as a family
  • Parents lead by example
  • Encourage eating between meals
  • Don't force disliked foods
  • Allow children to help prepare meals
• What are the nutrients to consider in a vegetarian/vegan diet?

  • Fat: avoid too much saturated fat
  • Protein: include plant sources like quinoa
  • Iron: consume with vitamin C for absorption
  • Calcium: include fortified foods
  • Vitamin D: include fortified foods and sunlight
  • Vitamin B12: include fortified foods or supplements
• What are the sources of nutrients in a vegetarian/vegan diet?

  • Fat: dairy products (vegetarians)
  • Protein: dairy, soya, quinoa
  • Iron: green leafy vegetables, cereals, nuts, pulses
  • Calcium: dairy, fortified foods
  • Vitamin D: eggs, dairy, fortified foods, sunlight
  • Vitamin B12: milk, dairy, eggs, fortified foods
• What are the reasons for avoiding gelatine?

  • Made from animal ligaments, tendons, and bones
  • Many vegetarians choose to avoid it
• What are the factors contributing to coronary heart disease?

  • Lack of exercise
  • High blood pressure
  • Obesity
  • Family history of CHD
  • Stress
  • Smoking
• What are the stages of coronary heart disease?

  • Blood flows easily
  • Less flow (Angina)
  • Blood flow stops (Heart Attack)
• What are the effects of high blood pressure?

  • Heart works harder to pump blood
  • Increases risk of stroke and heart disease