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History - Russia
Alexander II counter reforms
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Cards (25)
What was the reaction of Alexander II after the assassination attempt of 1866?
He undid many of his
reforms
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Who was appointed as a reactionary minister by Alexander II?
Court Tolstoy
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What was Court Tolstoy's stance on educational freedoms?
He wanted to
clamp down
on them
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How did Alexander II's relationships change after the assassination attempt?
He became more
distant
from
reformist
family members
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What happened to the zemstvo's powers over education?
They were
reduced
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What was restored to a position of dominance in education?
The Church
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What curriculum were higher schools ordered to follow?
A traditional
classical
curriculum
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From 1871, who could progress to universities?
Only students from traditional
gymnazia
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What was the fate of students from modern technical schools?
They were limited to
higher technical institutions
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What was extended over university teachings?
Government control
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What was banned regarding student activities?
Extra-curricular
student organizations
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What right was given to the Ministry of Internal Affairs in 1873?
To forbid certain
discussion
topics
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What happened to censorship in the late 1870s?
It was
tightened
again
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Who was promoted to minister of justice?
Konstantin Pobedonostsev
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What was the effect of Pobedonostsev's promotion on political trials?
They became
more punitive
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What change occurred regarding political crimes in 1878?
They were moved to
military courts
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What was the role of the Third Section under Shuvalov?
To root out
subversion
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What actions were intensified by the Third Section?
Searches
and
arrests
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What new powers were given to governor-generals in 1879?
Emergency powers
to prosecute
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What was not attempted regarding the emancipation of the serfs?
No attempt to undo it
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How was access to primary education affected in the 1870s?
It continued to be
extended
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What was the status of the Zemstvos after the reforms?
No
attempt
to
remove
them
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What changes were made to the legal system after 1866?
No
further
changes
were made
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What does the lack of changes to the emancipation of serfs suggest about Alexander II's reactionary stance?
He maintained some
liberal reforms
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How did Alexander II's reactionary measures reflect his overall governance after 1866?
He balanced reactionary and
liberal
policies
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