poverty

• 'Are there no prisons? 


  unsympathetic outlook

  harsh tone.

  Asserts Malthusian ideology
• 'many thousands are in want of common necessities'


  Dickens exposes livelihood of the poor. Collector is a social surrogate for dickens.
• 'fog and darkness' 'misanthropic ice'


  Personification + pathetic fallacy mirrors attitude of desolate inhabitants of London. Setting used to dispel negative stereotype
• 'Air of cheerfulness' 'laughed heartily'


  Poor are still amicable, despite prejudices. Dickens hollistically adresses poverty
• 'An idol has displaced me' 


  Idol connotes God, wealth is like religious devotion.

  Is a metaphor
• 'dismal little cell'


  Emotive language emphasises misery, he is imprisoned. Representing dehumanising nature of conditions
• 'ragged, scowling, wolfish'


  Anonymity represents conditions of Victorian children. Animalistic description emphasises horror of these allegorical characters.
• 'stale and shrivelled'


  Symbolism of food, semantic field created as seen earlier in the play with the ghost of xmas present.

  Sibilance creates threatning hiss sound, shows wasted oppourtunity.
• 'beware most of all' 'written doom'


  Emphasises ignorance perpetuates want, creating a viscious cycle.

  'they are mans' show society made these traits.

  personification used to show how it will have an eventual effect on every person
• 'twice turned gown'


  Poor are resourceful, contrasting with the lazy upper classes who can buy new clothes.
• 'brave in ribbons'


  Ribbons were cheap in Victorian time. Takes pride in appearance and puts on a 'brave' face despite tragic circumstances
• 'feathered phenomenon'


  goose cheap and small, yet display immense gratitude through this hyperbole