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Geography
Ecosystems
Global biomes
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Created by
Esmee Jacob
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Cards (32)
What is the biosphere?
A narrow zone on
Earth's
surface
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How is life on Earth divided?
Into regions with
distinct
plants and animals
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What are biomes?
Large-scale
global
ecosystems
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What is an ecosystem?
A
community
of plants and animals interacting
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How many basic land biomes are there?
Six
basic land biomes
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What are the six basic land biomes?
Tundra
Taiga (
coniferous forest
)
Temperate forest (
deciduous
)
Grassland (
tropical savanna
or temperate)
Desert (
hot/tropical
or temperate)
Tropical rainforest
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What factor primarily controls the distribution of biomes?
Climate
(
temperature
and
precipitation
)
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What latitude range does the Tundra biome occupy?
Between
55°
and
70°
North
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What is the average temperature range in the Tundra?
Between
0
and
10°C
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What characterizes a hot desert biome?
Extreme
aridity
and
limited diversity
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Where do hot deserts typically lie?
Between
20°
and
30°
N
and
S
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What percentage of Earth's land surface do hot deserts cover?
12%
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What is the climate of the Temperate biome?
Dry with
100-200mm
annual rainfall
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What latitude range does the Temperate biome occupy in the Northern Hemisphere?
Between
30°
and
60°
N
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What are the average summer maximum temperatures in Temperate grasslands?
20°C
or higher
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What causes the high annual temperature range in Temperate grasslands?
Low sun angle in winter and
continentality
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How much rainfall do Temperate grasslands receive annually?
400-800mm
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What is the primary vegetation in Temperate grasslands?
Grasses
dominate due to limited
rainfall
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What is the size of the Prairies biome?
3.5 million
km²
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What are the climatic factors that determine biome characteristics?
Latitude
,
rainfall
, and height
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What is permafrost?
A
deep
layer of frozen ground
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What is the average temperature in the Tundra during winter?
Average temperatures of
-10°C
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What is the precipitation level in the Tundra?
Between
150-350mm
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How does the Tundra's climate affect plant activity?
Long hours of
darkness
limit plant activity
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What types of plants can survive in the Tundra?
Sedge
,
liverworts
, mosses, and lichens
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What is the meaning of the word 'Tundra' in Finnish?
Barren or
treeless
plain
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What regions are included in the Tundra biome?
Alaska
, Northern
Canada
,
Scandinavia
,
Northern Russia
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How does the Tundra's low precipitation affect its ecosystem?
Limits
plant growth
and
biodiversity
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What is the significance of insolation in the Tundra during summer?
It
allows
for
some
plant
activity
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What is the average wind speed in the Tundra?
45-90 km/h
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How does height affect temperature in biomes?
Temperature
falls
with
increasing
height
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What is the relationship between altitude and biome vegetation?
Higher
altitudes
have different
vegetation
types
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